{"id":1345,"date":"2011-03-30T23:50:01","date_gmt":"2011-03-30T23:50:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/?p=1345"},"modified":"2011-03-30T23:50:01","modified_gmt":"2011-03-30T23:50:01","slug":"dans-son-offensive-pour-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-pour-qui-roule-obama","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/dans-son-offensive-pour-la-paix-au-moyen-orient-pour-qui-roule-obama\/","title":{"rendered":"Dans son offensive pour la paix au Moyen Orient, pour qui roule Obama ?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div>\n<p align=\"center\">\n\t\t<strong>Dans son offensive pour la paix au Moyen Orient,&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>pour&nbsp;<\/strong><strong>qui roule Obama ?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tPar Jackson Diehl, &eacute;ditorialiste au Washington Post<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tWPostdu 27 mars 2011<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tTraduit par Albert Soued, <u><a href=\"http:\/\/soued.chez.com\/\">http:\/\/soued.chez.com<\/a><\/u>&nbsp;pour <u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nuitdorient.com\/\">www.nuitdorient.com<\/a><\/u><\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tA ce jour, ce qu&#39;on appelle &quot;le printemps arabe&quot; a apport&eacute; &agrave; Isra&euml;l la 1<sup>&egrave;re<\/sup> attaque terroriste &agrave; J&eacute;rusalem en 7 ans, et la 1<sup>&egrave;re<\/sup> attaque significative de missiles depuis la bande de Gaza en 2 ans. Et ces &eacute;v&egrave;nements sont la partie la plus facile dans ce qui attend le gouvernement de Benjamin Natanyahou. Le plus difficile sera de g&eacute;rer Barack Obama.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNatanyahouet Tsahal savent comment neutraliser les attaques terroristes des Palestiniens. Les chars et les avions bombardent des cibles particuli&egrave;res &agrave; Gaza et provoquent des d&eacute;g&acirc;ts plus cons&eacute;quents que ceux caus&eacute;s par les roquettes adverses. Les autorit&eacute;s isra&eacute;liennes savent que <strong>c&#39;est le Jihad Islamique qui les a provoqu&eacute;es, une milice contr&ocirc;l&eacute;e par l&#39;Iran<\/strong>. On sait que le Hamas ne cherche pas le conflit, souhaitant &eacute;viter en ce moment une invasion d&eacute;vastatrice de son fief, comme celle de 2008.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tA moins d&#39;une bourde de part ou d&#39;autre, ou d&#39;un missile qui d&eacute;truirait une &eacute;cole isra&eacute;lienne, Natanyahou &eacute;vitera un conflit g&eacute;n&eacute;ralis&eacute; avec le Hamas. Mais que pense-t-il de l&#39;administration Obama et de son nouvel appel pour une &quot;action hardie&quot; afin de raviver les n&eacute;gociations en vue d&#39;un &eacute;tat palestinien ? Pour lui, &agrave; court terme, au milieu du tumulte r&eacute;gional, c&#39;est le plus grand d&eacute;fi &ndash; bien plus que le nouveau gouvernement du voisin &eacute;gyptien ou l&#39;offensive des alli&eacute;s de l&#39;Iran.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tDes r&eacute;voltes en cours au Moyen Orient, toute personne raisonnable peut conclure que les probl&egrave;mes les plus profonds de la r&eacute;gion n&#39;ont aucun rapport avec Isra&euml;l et que l&#39;obsession de l&#39;administration Obama de vouloir n&eacute;gocier un accord isra&eacute;lo-palestinien dans les 2 ans est mal venue. Mais BH Obama ne fait pas partie de ces personnes. Comme nombre de pr&eacute;sidents avant lui, il semble avoir conclu plut&ocirc;t que la meilleure r&eacute;ponse &agrave; la crise arabe en cours est une fois de plus de faire pression sur Isra&euml;l pour acc&eacute;l&eacute;rer le processus vers un &eacute;tat palestinien.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tUn &quot;fonctionnaire important de la d&eacute;fense&quot; qui accompagnait le Secr&eacute;taire Robert Gates lors de sa r&eacute;cente visite &agrave; J&eacute;rusalem a d&eacute;crit la situation ainsi: &quot;<em>Les Isra&eacute;liens ont un int&eacute;r&ecirc;t strat&eacute;gique majeur de s&#39;extirper de ce mouvement populiste qui envahit la r&eacute;gion&hellip; en montrant une avanc&eacute;e dans la voie de la paix avec les Palestiniens qui les mettrait en meilleure posture pour dans 6\/12 mois&hellip;<\/em>!&quot; (1)<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tCeci est vrai en th&eacute;orie. Mais les probl&egrave;mes pour B Netanyahou sont ailleurs.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tD&#39;abord, le pr&eacute;sident M Abbas n&#39;a aucun int&eacute;r&ecirc;t &agrave; n&eacute;gocier, et n&#39;a jamais eu cet int&eacute;r&ecirc;t. Cet homme de 76 ans n&#39;a jamais voulu s&#39;engager dans les concessions douloureuses n&eacute;cessaires pour avoir son Etat. De plus il m&eacute;prise le 1<sup>er<\/sup> ministre isra&eacute;lien et n&#39;a aucune confiance en lui, depuis les ann&eacute;es 90. Au lieu de n&eacute;gocier, M Abbas ira devant l&#39;Assembl&eacute;e G&eacute;n&eacute;rale de l&#39;Onu en septembre pour obtenir l&#39;&eacute;tat palestinien.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNetanyahou n&#39;en est pas trop inquiet, d&#39;autant plus qu&#39;il n&#39;a pas h&acirc;te lui-m&ecirc;me de faire des concessions, s&#39;il n&#39;&eacute;tait pas press&eacute; par B Obama, et l&agrave; est le 2<sup>&egrave;me<\/sup> probl&egrave;me: depuis le 1<sup>er<\/sup> jour de sa pr&eacute;sidence, B Obama n&#39;a eu cesse de croire que le gouvernement isra&eacute;lien, &#8212; et non les Palestiniens &ndash; est le 1<sup>er<\/sup> obstacle &agrave; la paix. Rappelez-vous, il avait demand&eacute; le gel total des implantations en Cisjordanie et &agrave; J&eacute;rusalem, alors que M Abbas n&#39;y avait m&ecirc;me pas pens&eacute;; depuis, ce dernier a fait sienne cette condition.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tLors d&#39;un entretien avec des dirigeants Juifs am&eacute;ricains &agrave; la Maison Blanche, Obama a pr&eacute;cis&eacute; qu&#39;il n&#39;avait pas chang&eacute; d&#39;avis. Il insista m&ecirc;me que M Abbas &eacute;tait d&eacute;cid&eacute; &agrave; d&eacute;clarer un &eacute;tat palestinien, mais que le probl&egrave;me &eacute;tait que l&#39;&eacute;tat juif n&#39;avait fait aucun concession territoriale s&eacute;rieuse.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNetanyahou sera oblig&eacute; de s&#39;opposer &agrave; l&#39;offensive palestinienne aux Nations Unies. Son ministre de la D&eacute;fense E Barak a pr&eacute;dit que &quot;<em>cela serait un tsunami diplomatique anti-isra&eacute;lien<\/em>&quot;. Pour cela, Netanyahou a besoin du soutien d&#39;Obama. Et c&#39;est pourquoi il s&#39;est engag&eacute; &agrave; faire le discours le plus important de l&#39;histoire du pays, devant le Congr&egrave;s am&eacute;ricain en mai, dans lequel il donnera &quot;<em>sa vision nouvelle pour la paix<\/em>&quot;.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tPour satisfaire M Abbas et B Obama, il devra faire des promesses cons&eacute;quentes. Selon le commentateur Aqiva Eldar &quot;<em>il devra prononcer des mots magiques, par sa propre bouche<\/em>&quot; &ndash; c&#39;est-&agrave;-dire que tout &eacute;tat palestinien sera bas&eacute; sur les fronti&egrave;res de 1967.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tS&#39;il le fait, il se mettra &agrave; dos presque tout son cabinet et sa coalition s&#39;effondrera. Ses &eacute;lecteurs croiront qu&#39;il est en train de c&eacute;der le plus grand atout &ndash; le territoire &ndash; avant toute n&eacute;gociation. (2)<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNetanyahou &eacute;tait assez &agrave; l&#39;aise avec l&#39;attentat de J&eacute;rusalem et les tirs de missiles de Gaza<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tpourpartir &agrave; Moscou, comme pr&eacute;vu dans son planning. Mais la confrontation attendue avec Obama va requ&eacute;rir toute son attention.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNotes de la traduction de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nuitdorient.com\/\">www.nuitdorient.com<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t(1) Ce fonctionnaire ne semble pas bien comprendre ce qui se d&eacute;roule au Moyen Orient<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t(2) Les Palestiniens refusent l&#39;existence de l&#39;&eacute;tat d&#39;Isra&euml;l et ne feront aucun compromis, d&#39;o&ugrave; la vanit&eacute; des concessions territoriales. Le probl&egrave;me est ailleurs.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>In Obama&rsquo;s push for Mideast peace, whose side is he on?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>By <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/linksets\/2010\/07\/06\/AB48q7D_linkset.html\">Jackson Diehl<\/a><\/strong><strong>, editor<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>March&nbsp;27,&nbsp;wpost<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tSo far what some are calling the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/igniting-the-unrest\/2011\/03\/26\/AFg9hEfB_graphic.html\">Arab Spring<\/a>has brought Israel the <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/bomb-explodes-in-jerusalem-wounding-25-authorities-say\/2011\/03\/23\/ABPuVnIB_story.html\">first terrorist bombing in Jerusalem in seven years<\/a>and the first significant <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/rockets-mortars-fall-on-israel-as-officials-launch-airstrike-mull-more-action\/2011\/03\/24\/ABFXrAQB_story.html\">missile attacks from the Gaza Strip<\/a>in two years. And that, for the government of Binyamin Netanyahu, is likely to be the easy part.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tThe hard part will be managing Barack Obama.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNetanyahu and the Israeli army know how to deal with Palestinian terrorist attacks. Their tanks and planes have been <a href=\"http:\/\/www.washingtonpost.com\/world\/israeli-airstrike-kills-2-gaza-militants-as-anti-rocket-system-goes-online\/2011\/03\/27\/AFVNSdgB_story.html\">pounding targets in Gaza<\/a>, and inflicting considerably more casualties and damage than have been caused by the rockets. The Israelis believe both the Jerusalem bombing and most of the missile strikes were carried out by the Palestinian Islamic Jihad, a small militia controlled by Iran. Gaza&rsquo;s ruler, Hamas, is thought not to want a wider conflict, much less a repeat of Israel&rsquo;s devastating 2008 invasion.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tSo barring a miscalculation by one side or the other, or a missile that wipes out an Israeli school, Netanyahu is likely to avoid major hostilities with Hamas. But what of the Obama administration and its renewed calls for<a href=\"http:\/\/www.jpost.com\/DiplomacyAndPolitics\/Article.aspx?id=213666\">&ldquo;bold action&rdquo;<\/a>to revive negotiations on Palestinian statehood? For Netanyahu, that &mdash; more than a new Egyptian government or an offensive by Iran&rsquo;s allies &mdash; may be the biggest short-term challenge emerging from the Middle East&rsquo;s upheaval.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tA reasonable person might conclude from the uprisings in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Syria et al., that the Middle East&rsquo;s deepest problems have nothing to do with Israel and that the Obama administration&rsquo;s almost obsessive focus on trying to broker an Israeli-Palestinian settlement in its first two years was misplaced. But Obama isn&rsquo;t one of those persons. Instead, like several American presidents before him, he seems to have concluded that the ideal segue from the latest Arab crisis is a new attempt to pressure Israel into accepting a quick march to Palestinian statehood.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tA &ldquo;senior defense official&rdquo; accompanying Defense Secretary Robert Gates on his visit to Jerusalem last week put it this way: &ldquo;The Israelis have a very deep strategic interest in getting out in front of the wave of populism that is sweeping the region .&thinsp;.&thinsp;. showing progress on the peace track with the Palestinians would put them in a much better position for where the region&rsquo;s likely to be six months or a year from now.&rdquo;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tThat&rsquo;s true, of course &mdash; in theory. In practice, Netanyahu&rsquo;s problem is twofold. First, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas has no interest in negotiating with him, and never has. The 76-year-old Abbas has repeatedly shrunk from committing himself to the painful concessions he knows would be needed for Palestinian statehood. What&rsquo;s more, he has despised and distrusted the Israeli prime minister since Netanyahu&rsquo;s first term in office in the 1990s. Rather than bargain with Israel, Abbas seems inclined to go along with his aides&rsquo; plan to seek a U.N. declaration of Palestinian statehood at the next General Assembly in September.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tThis might not be so troubling for Netanyahu, who is also not eager to make concessions for a peace deal, if not for his second problem: Obama continues to believe that Israel&rsquo;s government, and not the Palestinians, is the primary obstacle to peace.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tThe president made his mind-set clear from the beginning of his administration, when he chose to begin his diplomacy by demanding a complete freeze on Israeli settlement activity &mdash; a condition Abbas had never set but which he quickly adopted as his own. In a meeting with American Jewish leaders at the White House this month, Obama indicated that he hadn&rsquo;t changed his mind. Abbas, he insisted, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.forward.com\/articles\/135793\/\">was ready to establish a Palestinian state<\/a>. The problem was that Israel had not made a serious territorial offer.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNetanyahu feels compelled to counter the Palestinian offensive at the United Nations, which his defense minister, Ehud Barak, says could turn into <a href=\"http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/news\/diplomacy-defense\/barak-israel-facing-regional-earthquake-and-diplomatic-tsunami-1.351285\">&ldquo;an anti-Israeli diplomatic tsunami.&rdquo;<\/a>For that he will need the support of Obama. So Netanyahu has committed himself to deliver what could be the most-anticipated speech in Israel&rsquo;s history &mdash; an address to the U.S. Congress in May in which he is to lay out a new &ldquo;vision&rdquo; for peace.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tTo satisfy Abbas and Obama, Netanyahu will have to promise a significant concession. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.haaretz.com\/print-edition\/features\/after-libya-obama-will-have-hard-time-thwarting-palestinian-state-1.351025\">In the words<\/a>of the Israeli commentator Akiva Eldar, &ldquo;he will have to utter, with his own mouth, the magic words&rdquo; &mdash; that a Palestinian state will be based on Israel returning to its 1967 borders. But if he does that, Netanyahu will infuriate most of his cabinet and probably cause the collapse of his coalition. His supporters believe he will also give up Israel&rsquo;s best negotiating chip &mdash; territory &mdash; before the real bargaining even begins.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tNetanyahu felt comfortable enough with the Gaza mini-war and the state of security in Jerusalem last week to carry on with a planned trip to Russia. The coming showdown with Obama will require his full attention.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Dans son offensive pour la paix au Moyen Orient,&nbsp;pour&nbsp;qui roule Obama ? &nbsp; Par Jackson Diehl, &eacute;ditorialiste au Washington Post WPostdu 27 mars 2011 Traduit par Albert Soued, http:\/\/soued.chez.com&nbsp;pour www.nuitdorient.com &nbsp; A ce jour, ce qu&#39;on appelle &quot;le printemps arabe&quot; a apport&eacute; &agrave; Isra&euml;l la 1&egrave;re attaque terroriste &agrave; J&eacute;rusalem en 7 ans, et&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":15648,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[171,45,85,214,29,27,78,63,11,156,37,1,54,468,294],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1345","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-albert-soued","category-barack-obama","category-binyamin-netanyahu","category-ehud-barak","category-gaza","category-hamas","category-jerusalem","category-mahmoud-abbas","category-moyen-orient","category-person-career","category-tsahal","category-uncategorized","category-united-nations","category-war","category-washington-post"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1345","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1345"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1345\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/15648"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1345"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1345"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1345"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}