{"id":4028,"date":"2012-03-11T19:59:57","date_gmt":"2012-03-11T19:59:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/?p=4028"},"modified":"2012-03-11T19:59:57","modified_gmt":"2012-03-11T19:59:57","slug":"le-veritable-apartheid-au-moyen-orient","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/le-veritable-apartheid-au-moyen-orient\/","title":{"rendered":"Le V\u00e9ritable \u00ab\u00a0Apartheid\u00a0\u00bb au Moyen Orient"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p align=\"center\">\n\t<strong>Le V&eacute;ritable &quot;Apartheid&quot; au Moyen Orient<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tPar Ephra&iuml;m Karsh, professeur au King College de Londres, sp&eacute;cialis&eacute; dans les &eacute;tudes du Moyen Orient et de la M&eacute;diterran&eacute;e, directeur du <em>Middle East Forum (Philadelphia) <\/em>et auteur d&#39;un ouvrage r&eacute;cent, &quot;<strong>la Palestine trahie<\/strong>&quot;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tTraduit par Albert Soued, &eacute;crivain <a href=\"http:\/\/soued.chez.com\/\">http:\/\/soued.chez.com<\/a> pour<u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.nuitdorient.com\/\">www.nuitdorient.com<\/a> <\/u><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tCeux qui aiment l&#39;&eacute;tat Juif sont offusqu&eacute;s par l&#39;organisation par des groupes occidentaux de la &quot;Semaine de l&#39;Apartheid&quot; li&eacute;e &agrave; Isra&euml;l, mais ne sont pas d&#39;accord entre eux sur la meilleure riposte &agrave; cette f&ecirc;te de la haine.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tCette campagne de d&eacute;nigrement atteint des villes et des campus &agrave; travers le monde. Certains croient qu&#39;Isra&euml;l devrait plus insister sur ses efforts continus pour la paix, d&#39;autres proposent de faire valoir son image en mettant en relief les r&eacute;alisations dans de tr&egrave;s nombreux domaines et les succ&egrave;s obtenus. D&#39;autres enfin plaident en faveur d&#39;un rappel de ce qu&#39;est le &quot;sionisme&quot;, un mouvement juif de lib&eacute;ration nationale, et de ce qu&#39;il n&#39;est pas, du racisme. Toutes ces approches sont utiles, mais aucune d&#39;elles ne r&eacute;soudra le probl&egrave;me.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLa recherche de la paix et de la prosp&eacute;rit&eacute; n&#39;est pas une preuve de bienveillance et de justice. Les r&eacute;gimes les plus oppressifs ont coexist&eacute; en paix avec leurs voisins, tout en r&eacute;primant leurs populations. Les soci&eacute;t&eacute;s les plus prosp&egrave;res ont rejet&eacute; leurs propres minorit&eacute;s. L&#39;Afrique du Sud n&#39;&eacute;tait pas un pays pauvre et arri&eacute;r&eacute; technologiquement. La nation la plus riche et la plus avanc&eacute;e, les Etats-Unis, pratiquait r&eacute;cemment encore la s&eacute;gr&eacute;gation des noirs. L&#39;accusation d&#39;apartheid ne vise pas l&#39;oubli de la vraie nature du sionisme, <strong>mais bien le rejet de l&#39;existence m&ecirc;me d&#39;Isra&euml;l<\/strong>. Aussit&ocirc;t apr&egrave;s que la poussi&egrave;re se fut d&eacute;pos&eacute;e sur les camps nazis d&#39;extermination, les Arabes et leurs alli&eacute;s occidentaux se sont pr&eacute;cipit&eacute;s pour reprendre le flambeau par la confusion entre les victimes avec leurs tortionnaires.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tUne brochure de la Ligue Arabe de 1945 dit: &quot;<em>Pour les Arabes, en effet, le sionisme semble aussi hideux que tout ce que les nazis ont con&ccedil;u d&#39;expansion raciale aux d&eacute;pens d&#39;autrui<\/em>&quot;. Une brochure publi&eacute;e par l&#39;Olp en 1964, aussit&ocirc;t apr&egrave;s sa cr&eacute;ation, dit: &quot;<em>Le concept sioniste de la solution finale en ce qui concerne le probl&egrave;me arabe en Palestine et le concept nazi de la solution finale appliqu&eacute; au probl&egrave;me juif en Allemagne, ont essentiellement les m&ecirc;mes ingr&eacute;dients de base, l&#39;&eacute;limination de l&#39;&eacute;l&eacute;ment humain non d&eacute;sir&eacute; <\/em>&quot;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tPourtant c&#39;est bien cette organisation terroriste palestinienne qui a invent&eacute; le canard de l&#39;apartheid vers le milieu des ann&eacute;es 60, bien des ann&eacute;es avant ladite &quot;occupation&quot; de la Cisjordanie et de Gaza. Bien entendu, cette accusation n&#39;est pas seulement totalement fausse, mais elle est l&#39;inverse de la v&eacute;rit&eacute;.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tSi l&#39;apartheid est un crime contre l&#39;humanit&eacute;, <strong>Isra&euml;l est le seul pays au Moyen Orient o&ugrave; cet apartheid est absent<\/strong>, puisque sa population arabe jouit d&#39;une &eacute;galit&eacute; totale devant la loi et de plus de pr&eacute;rogatives que n&#39;importe quelle autre minorit&eacute; dans le monde libre, depuis la d&eacute;signation de l&#39;arabe comme langue officielle, jusqu&#39;&agrave; la reconnaissance des f&ecirc;tes religieuses non juives comme f&ecirc;tes l&eacute;gales ch&ocirc;m&eacute;es.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tEn contraste, l&#39;apartheid est un &eacute;tat habituel faisant partie int&eacute;grante des m&oelig;urs du Moyen Orient depuis un mill&eacute;naire, et, aujourd&#39;hui encore, les pays arabes et musulmans continuent &agrave; le pratiquer l&eacute;galement, politiquement et socialement vis-&agrave;-vis de leurs minorit&eacute;s infortun&eacute;es.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAlors comment se fait-il qu&#39;Isra&euml;l, un &eacute;tat sans apartheid, soit sous pression constante pour &quot;se purifier&quot;, alors que les vrais coupables d&#39;apartheid sont non seulement absous, et s&#39;en sortent indemnes, mais de plus, l&#39;Occident leur donne une plateforme mondiale pour bl&acirc;mer les autres de leurs propres crimes ?<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAu lieu de passer son temps &agrave; s&#39;excuser et &agrave; protester de son innocence &ndash; par atavisme s&eacute;culaire &ndash; Isra&euml;l devrait adopter une strat&eacute;gie dynamique, appeler un chat par son nom et d&eacute;noncer les vrais criminels de l&#39;apartheid, les nations arabes et musulmanes du Moyen Orient. Cet apartheid prend des formes tr&egrave;s vari&eacute;es selon les pays et certaines victimes ont subi plus d&#39;une seule forme.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>L&#39;Intol&eacute;rance religieuse<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tSur le plan historique, les Musulmans se sont consid&eacute;r&eacute;s comme diff&eacute;rents et sup&eacute;rieurs aux autres croyants qui vivaient sous leur joug, connus comme les &quot;dhimmis&quot;. Aujourd&#39;hui encore, ils ont pr&eacute;f&eacute;r&eacute; ne pas abandonner ce privil&egrave;ge. Les Chr&eacute;tiens, les Juifs, les Baha&#39;is sont des citoyens de seconde zone &agrave; travers le monde arabo-musulman. De m&ecirc;me les groupes qui ne pratiquent pas le m&ecirc;me Islam que celui des gouvernants sont partout opprim&eacute;s, comme les shiites en Arabie ou les sunnites en Syrie, consid&eacute;r&eacute;s comme des apostats dans un cas ou des ennemis dans l&#39;autre.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>L&#39;injustice ethnique<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tL&#39;h&eacute;ritage historique de l&#39;intol&eacute;rance s&#39;&eacute;tend au-del&agrave; de la sph&egrave;re religieuse. Pendant longtemps les Arabes, les Turcs et les Perses ont &eacute;t&eacute; des ma&icirc;tres imp&eacute;rialistes et ils continuent &agrave; traiter comme inf&eacute;rieures des populations, pourtant converties depuis longtemps &agrave; l&#39;Islam, comme les kurdes et les berb&egrave;res, qui ont voulu garder leur langue, leur culture et leurs coutumes sociales.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>Le racisme<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLe Moyen Orient est devenu le plus important diffuseur et incitateur de l&#39;antis&eacute;mitisme au monde, en utilisant aussi bien les diffamations moyen&acirc;geuses (telles que l&#39;usage du sang des enfants pour fabriquer la galette de P&acirc;que) que des &quot;canards&quot; plus modernes (comme les Protocoles des Sages de Sion), d&eacute;crivant les Juifs comme la source du Mal.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tDe m&ecirc;me les Africains d&#39;ascendance sub-saharienne sont trait&eacute;s avec un profond m&eacute;pris, un vestige de l&#39;histoire de cette r&eacute;gion, &eacute;picentre de l&#39;esclavage international men&eacute; par les marchands arabes.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>La discrimination des sexes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLa discrimination l&eacute;gale et sociale contre les femmes est envahissante &agrave; travers le monde arabo-islamique, allant de la violence end&eacute;mique (la violence domestique et le viol de l&#39;&eacute;pouse ne sont pas consid&eacute;r&eacute;s comme des crimes, par exemple) aux centaines d&#39;ex&eacute;cutions chaque ann&eacute;e, l&eacute;gales ou extra-l&eacute;gales (crimes d&#39;honneur, par exemple).<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLa discrimination contre les homosexuels est encore pire.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>Le refus de citoyennet&eacute;<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNe pas donner la citoyennet&eacute; ou les droits civils &agrave; un large segment d&#39;une population pourtant n&eacute;e dans le pays est une situation habituelle. Les communaut&eacute;s palestiniennes dans les pays arabes offrent l&#39;exemple le plus frappant de cette discrimination (ainsi au Liban, les Palestiniens ne peuvent pas poss&eacute;der des biens, des professons leur sont interdites, ils ne peuvent pas circuler librement&hellip;). Les B&eacute;douins dans les &eacute;tats du Golfe et des centaines de milliers de kurdes en Syrie ont subi des discriminations analogues.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>L&#39;in&eacute;galit&eacute; devant le travail<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLa maltraitance des travailleurs &eacute;trangers, notamment les employ&eacute;s domestiques, allant des abus sexuels &agrave; l&#39;emprisonnement de fait ou m&ecirc;me le meurtre, est monnaie courante et largement tol&eacute;r&eacute;e partout au Moyen Orient, notamment dans les &eacute;tats p&eacute;troliers o&ugrave; vit une population importante d&#39;expatri&eacute;s.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>L&#39;Esclavage<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLes pays arabes demeurent le plus important refuge de l&#39;esclavage dans le monde, depuis le trafic des enfants et des femmes en Arabie saoudite et dans les pays du Golfe jusqu&#39;&agrave; l&#39;esclavage end&eacute;mique au Soudan et en Mauritanie. C&#39;est pourquoi, les islamistes arriv&eacute;s au pouvoir aujourd&#39;hui n&#39;ont aucun scrupule &agrave; demander la l&eacute;galisation de l&#39;esclavage.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>L&#39;oppression politique<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNombre de r&eacute;gimes moyen orientaux ont des syst&egrave;mes de gouvernance plus que r&eacute;pressifs visant &agrave; perp&eacute;tuer l&#39;apartheid par une minorit&eacute; dominante: alawites en Syrie, Tikritis dans l&#39;Irak de Saddam Hussein, oligarchie saoudienne, dynastie hash&eacute;mite en Jordanie, coterie militaire en Egypte, minorit&eacute; sunnite &agrave; Bahrein&hellip;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>Probablement qu&#39;il s&#39;agit de l&#39;anachronisme le plus saisissant de l&#39;histoire, ces abus end&eacute;miques ont &eacute;chapp&eacute; jusqu&#39;&agrave; ce jour &agrave; toute investigation et &agrave; toute condamnation !<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\tLes gouvernements occidentaux h&eacute;sitent sans doute &agrave; stigmatiser des alli&eacute;s autoritaires pour ne pas &eacute;veiller leur hostilit&eacute; et leurs &eacute;lites les ont absous de leurs responsabilit&eacute;s, dans la pure tradition de condescendance de l&#39;&quot;homme blanc&quot; vis-&agrave;-vis de ses anciens colonis&eacute;s, les consid&eacute;rant comme des cr&eacute;atures abruties, incapables d&#39;assumer leur destin.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tIl est grands temps de d&eacute;noncer ces pratiques de discrimination et d&#39;obliger ces r&eacute;gimes arabes &agrave; accepter de se soumettre aux principes de d&eacute;cence et de responsabilit&eacute;. Cette volont&eacute; de recherche de la v&eacute;rit&eacute; du terrain mettra &agrave; nu la vacuit&eacute; de la campagne pour d&eacute;l&eacute;gitimer Isra&euml;l, et facilitera la paix et la stabilit&eacute; r&eacute;gionale.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tL&#39;histoire a montr&eacute; que la discrimination syst&eacute;matique et cons&eacute;quente est une menace non seulement pour les minorit&eacute;s opprim&eacute;es, mais pour la sant&eacute; politique des soci&eacute;t&eacute;s qui les opprime. Le jour o&ugrave; ces r&eacute;gimes autoritaires arabes et musulmans commenceront &agrave; consid&eacute;rer tous leurs citoyens comme &eacute;gaux, alors ils pourront transcender leur malaise et regarder l&#39;avenir comme un v&eacute;ritable printemps socio-politique.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>The Middle East&rsquo;s real apartheid <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\tBy EFRAIM KARSH,<em>research professor of Middle East and Mediterranean Studies at King&rsquo;s College London, director of the Middle East Forum (Philadelphia) and author, most recently, of Palestine Betrayed.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>\n\t03\/05\/2012 jpost<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<strong>The Jewish State&#39;s supporters find it difficult to agree on the best response to Israel Apartheid Week. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\n\tIn light of Israel Apartheid Week, which hit cities and campuses throughout the world recently, supporters of the Jewish state find it difficult to agree on the best response to this hate fest. Some suggest emphasizing Israel&rsquo;s peacemaking efforts, others propose rebranding the country by highlighting its numerous achievements and success stories. Still others advocate reminding the world of &ldquo;what Zionism is &ndash; a movement of Jewish national liberation &ndash; and what it isn&rsquo;t &ndash; racist.&rdquo; Each of these approaches has its merits yet none will do the trick.<br \/>\n\tPeace seeking and\/or prosperity are no proof of domestic benevolence and equality. The most brutal regimes have peacefully coexisted with their neighbors while repressing their own populations; the most prosperous societies have discriminated against vulnerable minorities. South Africa was hardly impoverished and technologically backward; the United States, probably the most successful and affluent nation in recent times was largely segregated not that long ago.<br \/>\n\tNor for that matter is the apartheid libel driven by forgetfulness of Zionism&rsquo;s true nature. It is driven by rejection of Israel&rsquo;s very existence. No sooner had the dust settled on the Nazi extermination camps than the Arabs and their western champions equated the Jewish victims with their tormentors.<br \/>\n\t&ldquo;To the Arabs, indeed Zionism seems as hideous as anything the Nazis conceived in the way of racial expansion at the expense of others,&rdquo; read a 1945 pamphlet by the Arab League, the representative body of all Arab states. A pamphlet published by the PLO shortly after its creation in 1964 stated: &ldquo;The Zionist concept of the &lsquo;final solution&rsquo; to the &lsquo;Arab problem&rsquo; in Palestine, and the Nazi concept of the &lsquo;final solution&rsquo; to the &lsquo;Jewish problem&rsquo; in Germany, consisted essentially of the same basic ingredient: the elimination of the unwanted human element in question.&rdquo;<br \/>\n\tIndeed, it was the Palestinian terror organization that invented the apartheid canard in the mid-1960s, years before Israel&rsquo;s occupation of the West Bank and Gaza.<br \/>\n\tThis charge, of course, is not only completely false but the inverse of the truth. If apartheid is indeed a crime against humanity, Israel actually is the only apartheid-free state in the Middle East &ndash; a state whose Arab population enjoys full equality before the law and more prerogatives than most ethnic minorities in the free world, from the designation of Arabic as an official language to the recognition of non-Jewish religious holidays as legal days of rest.<br \/>\n\tBy contrast, apartheid has been an integral part of the Middle East for over a millennium, and its Arab and Muslim nations continue to legally, politically and socially enforce this discriminatory practice against their hapless minorities.<br \/>\n\tWhy then should an innocent party be under constant pressure to &ldquo;come clean&rdquo; while the real culprits are not only left unscathed but also given a worldwide platform to blame others for their own crimes? Rather than engage in incessant apologetics and protestations of innocence, something Jews have been doing for far too long, Israel should adopt a proactive strategy, call a spade a spade and target the real perpetrators of Middle East apartheid: the region&rsquo;s Arab and Muslim nations.<br \/>\n\tArab\/Muslim apartheid comes in many forms, and some victims have been subjected to more than one.<\/p>\n<p>\t&bull; <strong>Religious intolerance<\/strong><br \/>\n\tMuslims historically viewed themselves as distinct from, and superior to, all others living under Muslim rule, known as &ldquo;dhimmis.&rdquo; They have been loath to give up this privileged status in modern times. Christians, Jews and Baha&rsquo;is remain second-class citizens throughout the Arab\/Muslim world, and even non-ruling Muslim factions have been oppressed by their dominant co-religionists (e.g. Shi&rsquo;ites in Saudi Arabia, Sunnis in Syria).<\/p>\n<p>\t<strong>&bull; Ethnic inequality <\/strong><br \/>\n\tThis historic legacy of intolerance extends well beyond the religious sphere. As longtime imperial masters, Arabs, Turks and Iranians continue to treat long-converted populations, notably Kurds and Berbers, that retained their language, culture and social customs, as inferior.<\/p>\n<p>\t<strong>&bull; Racism<\/strong><br \/>\n\tThe Middle East has become the foremost purveyor of anti-Semitic incitement in the world with the medieval blood libel widely circulated alongside a string of modern canards (notably The Protocols of the Elders of Zion) depicting Jews as the source of all evil. Likewise, Africans of sub-Saharan descent are held in deep contempt, a vestige of the region&rsquo;s historic role as epicenter of the international slave trade.<\/p>\n<p>\t<strong>&bull; Gender discrimination:<\/strong><br \/>\n\tLegal and social discrimination against women is pervasive throughout the Arab-Islamic world, accounting for rampant violence (for example domestic violence or spousal rape are not criminalized) and scores of executions every year, both legal and extra-judicial (i.e. honor killings). Discrimination against homosexuals is even worse.<\/p>\n<p>\t<strong>&bull; Denial of citizenship <\/strong><br \/>\n\tThe withholding of citizenship and attendant rights from a large segment of the native-born population is common. Palestinian communities in the Arab states offer the starkest example of this discrimination (in Lebanon, for example, they cannot own property, be employed in many professions, move freely, etc.). The Beduin (stateless peoples) in the Gulf states, and hundreds of thousands of Kurds in Syria have been subjected to similar discrimination.<\/p>\n<p>\t<strong>&bull; Labor inequality: <\/strong><br \/>\n\tMistreatment of foreign workers (especially household servants), ranging from sexual abuse to virtual imprisonment and outright murder, is widely tolerated throughout the Middle East, especially in oil-exporting countries that host large expatriate labor forces.<\/p>\n<p>\t<strong>&bull; Slavery: <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\tThe Arabic-speaking countries remain the world&rsquo;s foremost refuge of slavery, from child and sex trafficking in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf states to actual chattel slavery in Sudan and Mauritania. Indeed, Islamists throughout the Middle East have had no qualms advocating the legalization of slavery.<\/p>\n<p>\t<strong>&bull; Political Oppression: <\/strong><br \/>\n\tMany Middle Eastern regimes are little more than elaborate repressive systems aimed at perpetuating apartheid-style domination by a small minority: Alawites in Syria; Tikritis in Saddam&rsquo;s Iraq; the Saudi royal family; the Hashemite dynasty in Jordan.<\/p>\n<p>\tPossibly the world&rsquo;s most arresting anachronism, these endemic abuses have until now escaped scrutiny and condemnation. Western governments have been loath to antagonize their local authoritarian allies, while the educated classes have absolved Middle Easterners of responsibility for their actions in the patronizing tradition of the &ldquo;white man&rsquo;s burden,&rdquo; dismissing regional players as half-witted creatures, too dim to be accountable for their own fate.<\/p>\n<p>\tIt is time to denounce these discriminatory practices and force Arab\/Muslim regimes to abide by universally accepted principles of decency and accountability. This will not only expose the hollowness of the Israel delegitimization campaign but will also help promote regional peace and stability.<\/p>\n<p>\tHistory has shown that gross and systemic discrimination is a threat not just to the oppressed minorities, but also to the political health of the societies that oppress them. Only when Arab and Muslim societies treat the &ldquo;other&rdquo; as equal will the Middle East, and the rest of the Islamic world, be able to transcend its malaise and look forward to a real political and social spring.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp; Le V&eacute;ritable &quot;Apartheid&quot; au Moyen Orient &nbsp; Par Ephra&iuml;m Karsh, professeur au King College de Londres, sp&eacute;cialis&eacute; dans les &eacute;tudes du Moyen Orient et de la M&eacute;diterran&eacute;e, directeur du Middle East Forum (Philadelphia) et auteur d&#39;un ouvrage r&eacute;cent, &quot;la Palestine trahie&quot; &nbsp; Traduit par Albert Soued, &eacute;crivain http:\/\/soued.chez.com pourwww.nuitdorient.com &nbsp; Ceux qui aiment l&#39;&eacute;tat&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[171,51,62,21,29,20,52,99,11,216,26,1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4028","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-albert-soued","category-allemagne","category-cisjordanie","category-etats-unis","category-gaza","category-juif","category-londres","category-moyen-orient","category-saddam-hussein","category-syrie","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4028","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4028"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4028\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4028"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4028"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4028"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}