{"id":43643,"date":"2026-10-03T03:30:15","date_gmt":"2026-10-03T03:30:15","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/?p=43643"},"modified":"2026-10-03T03:30:15","modified_gmt":"2026-10-03T03:30:15","slug":"sharon-arafat-et-mao-par-thomas-l-friedman","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/sharon-arafat-et-mao-par-thomas-l-friedman\/","title":{"rendered":"Sharon, Arafat et Mao, par Thomas L. Friedman"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Adverline\"<\/a>Membre de la r\u00e9gie publicitaire adverLine <\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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SHARON, ARAFAT ET MAO<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

par Thomas L. Friedman *<\/p>\n

Il y a plusieurs semaines, j\u0092ai assist\u00e9, \u00e0 Davos, au Forum de l\u0092\u00c9conomie Mondiale, o\u00f9 j\u0092ai crois\u00e9 Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s. L\u0092un des reporters qui l\u0092accompagnait m\u0092a demand\u00e9 si j\u0092allais \u00e9couter les discours de Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s et de Yasser Arafat devant le millier d\u0092investisseurs et ministres du monde entier pr\u00e9sents \u00e0 Davos. J\u0092ai r\u00e9pondu par la n\u00e9gative, car j\u0092ai un principe strict: je ne m\u0092int\u00e9resse qu\u0092aux d\u00e9clarations de Yasser Arafat en arabe devant son propre peuple. \u00ab C\u0092est vraiment dommage \u00bb, dit le reporter, \u00ab parce qu’on conna\u00eet la suite : Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s va tendre un rameau d\u0092olivier \u00e0 Yasser Arafat, ce dernier va en faire autant et le festival amoureux sera diffus\u00e9 en Isra\u00ebl pour donner du tonus au processus de paix et \u00e0 la r\u00e9\u00e9lection d\u0092Ehoud Barak \u00bb. \u00ab Eh bien, je regarderai \u00e7a \u00e0 la t\u00e9l\u00e9 \u00bb, lui ai-je r\u00e9pondu.<\/p>\n

Comme pr\u00e9vu, Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s a tendu un rameau d\u0092olivier, mais Yasser Arafat l\u0092a br\u00fbl\u00e9. Lisant un texte tout pr\u00eat en arabe, Yasser Arafat a d\u00e9nonc\u00e9 Isra\u00ebl pour son \u00ab agression militaire fasciste \u00bb, son \u00ab expansionnisme colonialiste arm\u00e9 \u00bb et sa politique \u00ab criminelle, de pers\u00e9cution, d\u0092assassinat, de destruction et de d\u00e9vastation \u00bb.<\/p>\n

La performance de Yasser Arafat \u00e0 Davos a constitu\u00e9 un \u00e9v\u00e9nement original et fondamental pour comprendre pourquoi Ariel Sharon a \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9lu \u00e0 une majorit\u00e9 \u00e9crasante. Que signifiait le discours de Yasser Arafat, tandis que Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s \u00e9tait assis \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de lui ? Tout d\u0092abord, il voulait dire qu\u0092il n\u0092y avait aucune diff\u00e9rence entre Ehoud Barak et Ariel Sharon. Parce que
prononcer un tel discours \u00e0 la veille des \u00e9lections isra\u00e9liennes, \u00e0 la suite de l\u0092offre de derni\u00e8re minute d\u0092Ehoud Barak de conclure un compromis final avec les Palestiniens \u00e0 Taba transformait l\u0092offre tres genereuse de Barak \u00e0 Arafat en une chose d\u00e9risoire. En outre, Yasser Arafat \u00e9tait en train de dire qu\u0092il n\u0092y avait aucune diff\u00e9rence entre Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s et Ariel Sharon, parce que prononcer un tel discours juste apr\u00e8s les paroles chaleureuses de
Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s laissait en effet penser que ce dernier aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 dup\u00e9, comme l\u0092ont rapport\u00e9 tous les journaux isra\u00e9liens. Finalement, \u00e0 un moment o\u00f9 les Palestiniens sont priv\u00e9s de travail, le message subliminal de Yasser Arafat aux investisseurs internationaux \u00e9tait : \u00ab Garder vos distances !\u00bb<\/p>\n

C\u0092est pourquoi la presse pose la mauvaise question \u00e0 propos de l\u0092\u00e9lection d\u0092Ariel Sharon. Ils demandent : qui est Ariel Sharon ? alors qu \u0091il aurait fallu demander : qui est Yasser Arafat ? La presse se demande \u00e9galement : Ariel Sharon va-t-il devenir un nouveau Charles De Gaulle, le g\u00e9n\u00e9ral pur et dur qui a fait sortir l\u0092arm\u00e9e fran\u00e7aise d\u0092Alg\u00e9rie ? Ou sera-t-il un Richard Nixon, l\u0092anticommuniste qui a fait la paix avec la Chine communiste ? Ces questions sont totalement hors sujet.<\/p>\n

Pourquoi ? Parce qu\u0092Isra\u00ebl a eu son De Gaulle. Il s\u0092appelait Ehoud Barak.
Barak \u00e9tait le soldat isra\u00e9lien le plus d\u00e9cor\u00e9. Il s\u0092est abstenu lors du vote du Conseil des Ministres sur les accords de paix d\u0092Oslo II. Mais une fois en fonction, il a op\u00e9r\u00e9 un revirement \u00e0 180\u00b0. Il a offert \u00e0 Yasser Arafat 94% de la Cisjordanie pour un Etat palestinien plus une compensation territoriale pour la majorit\u00e9 des 6% restants, plus la moiti\u00e9 de J\u00e9rusalem, plus la restitution et la r\u00e9installation en Palestine de r\u00e9fugi\u00e9s palestiniens. Et Yasser Arafat a non seulement dit non \u00e0 tout cela, mais il a trait\u00e9 Isra\u00ebl de \u00ab fasciste \u00bb, au moment o\u00f9 Ehoud. Barak se battait pour \u00eatre r\u00e9\u00e9lu. C\u0092est comme si De Gaulle avait offert de se retirer d\u0092Alg\u00e9rie et que les Alg\u00e9riens lui auraient dit : \u00ab Merci. Vous \u00eates un fasciste. Nous allons, bien entendu, prendre toute l\u0092Alg\u00e9rie, mais nous ne mettrons pas fin \u00e0 ce conflit tant que nous n\u0092aurons pas \u00e9galement obtenu Bordeaux, Marseille et Nice. \u00bb<\/p>\n

Si les Palestiniens se moquent de savoir qui est Ariel Sharon, pourquoi devrions nous nous y int\u00e9resser ? Si Yasser Arafat voulait un dirigeant isra\u00e9lien qui ne le contraigne pas \u00e0 prendre d\u0092importantes d\u00e9cisions qu\u0092il est incapable de prendre, pourquoi devrions-nous nous demander si Ariel Sharon sera un nouveau De Gaulle et lui faire une importante proposition ?
En quoi est-ce bon pour Isra\u00ebl d\u0092avoir un Nixon si les Palestiniens n\u0092ont pas un Mao ?<\/p>\n

Les accords d\u0092Oslo sur le processus de paix \u00e9taient une sorte de test. Il s\u0092agissait de tester si Isra\u00ebl avait un partenaire palestinien avec lequel parvenir \u00e0 une paix s\u00fbre et d\u00e9finitive. C\u0092\u00e9tait un test qu\u0092Isra\u00ebl pouvait se permettre, que la majorit\u00e9 des Isra\u00e9liens voulaient, et qu\u0092Ehoud Barak a courageusement port\u00e9 jusqu\u0092aux limites du consensus politique isra\u00e9lien, et m\u00eame au-del\u00e0. Yasser Arafat a rat\u00e9 cette occasion. Finalement, les Palestiniens demanderont un nouveau test. Et, en fin de compte, les Isra\u00e9liens pourraient accepter de le leur accorder, s\u0092ils y voient une nouvelle chance d\u0092en finir avec ce conflit. Mais qui sait par quelle violence et par quelles souffrances faudra-t-il passer entre temps ?<\/p>\n

Tout ce que nous savons, c\u0092est qu\u0092aujourd\u0092hui, le test d\u0092Oslo appartient au pass\u00e9. C\u0092est ce qu\u0092une vaste majorit\u00e9 d\u0092Isra\u00e9liens a dit lors de ces \u00e9lections. Alors cessez donc de demander si Ariel Sharon sera un nouveau De Gaulle. Ce n\u0092est pas pour cela que les Isra\u00e9liens l\u0092ont \u00e9lu. Ils l\u0092ont \u00e9lu pour qu\u0092il soit un Patton. Ils ont \u00e9lu Ariel Sharon parce qu\u0092ils savent exactement qui il est, et parce que sept ann\u00e9es d\u0092Oslo leur ont enseign\u00e9 tr\u00e8s exactement qui est Yasser Arafat.<\/p>\n

*Thomas L . Friedman est Editorialiste au New York Times et ancien correspondant de ce journal au Liban et en Israel<\/strong><\/p>\n\n

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Membre de la r\u00e9gie publicitaire adverLine SHARON, ARAFAT ET MAO \u00a0 par Thomas L. Friedman * Il y a plusieurs semaines, j\u0092ai assist\u00e9, \u00e0 Davos, au Forum de l\u0092\u00c9conomie Mondiale, o\u00f9 j\u0092ai crois\u00e9 Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s. L\u0092un des reporters qui l\u0092accompagnait m\u0092a demand\u00e9 si j\u0092allais \u00e9couter les discours de Shimon P\u00e9r\u00e8s et de Yasser Arafat devant… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":0,"featured_media":23299,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43643","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-israel"],"yoast_head":"\nSharon, Arafat et Mao, par Thomas L. 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