{"id":60205,"date":"2018-07-03T16:15:38","date_gmt":"2018-07-03T16:15:38","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2018-07-03T16:15:38","modified_gmt":"2018-07-03T16:15:38","slug":"l-esperance-du-kibboutz","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/l-esperance-du-kibboutz\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;esp\u00e9rance du Kibboutz"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;esp\u00e9rance du Kibboutz<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Encore habit\u00e9 en partie, ce palais social dont le plan fut con\u00e7u sur le mod\u00e8le de Versailles est devenu essentiellement un Mus\u00e9e. J\u2019ai particuli\u00e8rement aim\u00e9 l\u2019espace intitul\u00e9 la fabrique de l\u2019utopie.<\/p>\n<p>Mais quelle ne fut pas ma surprise de d\u00e9couvrir sur une table num\u00e9rique \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de multiples objets qui font r\u00eaver, un petit glossaire des fabriques de l\u2019utopie. Sur neuf mots allant d\u2019Anarchie \u00e0 Phalanst\u00e8re en passant par communisme icarien, Hippie, fouri\u00e9risme et libertaire appara\u00eet au centre de cette liste&nbsp;<strong>le mot Kibboutz<\/strong>. Tout comme dans la chronologie de de ces fabriques d\u2019utopie figure la date de 1909, date de la cr\u00e9ation du premier Kibboutz.<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"137\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/www.franceculture.fr\/player\/export-reecouter?content=accb0dc1-d233-48aa-a7a0-c7f2dc2c8ac1\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Voil\u00e0 semble-t-il une entr\u00e9e en mati\u00e8re particuli\u00e8rement pour nous interroger \u00e0 la fois sur ce qu\u2019est un kibboutz, quelle est sa place dans l\u2019histoire des utopies, et comme l\u2019on dit dans la haggada de Pessah&nbsp;:&nbsp;<em>Ma nichtana<\/em>&nbsp;? Quelle est sa sp\u00e9cificit\u00e9 par rapports aux autres exp\u00e9riences communautaristes. Quelle est sa pr\u00e9sence aujourd\u2019hui dans le paysage social et politique de l\u2019Isra\u00ebl contemporain et quelle place a-t-il pour les juifs et les non juifs du monde entier. De quel r\u00eave est-il encore porteur&nbsp;? Et vers quel avenir il nous invite-il aujourd\u2019hui&nbsp;?<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Marc-Alain Ouaknin s&rsquo;entretient aujourd&rsquo;hui avec Michel Valensi directeur des \u00e9ditions de l&rsquo;\u00e9clat<\/p>\n<h2>L&rsquo;invit\u00e9<\/h2>\n<p>\u00c9diteur et traducteur, Michel Valensi a fond\u00e9 les&nbsp;<strong>\u00c9ditions de l\u2019\u00c9clat<\/strong>&nbsp;en 1985 avec Patricia Farazzi. Une maison tr\u00e8s dynamique de sciences humaines qui propose un catalogue riche de plusieurs centaines d&rsquo;auteurs dans les domaines de la philosophie, litt\u00e9rature, histoire, science du juda\u00efsme,&nbsp;<em>&amp; more&#8230;<\/em>&nbsp;Vient de faire para\u00eetre&nbsp;<em>Le mouvement des kibboutz et l&rsquo;anarchie&nbsp;: Une r\u00e9volution vivante.&nbsp;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Transition musicale<\/h2>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"344\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/hnt9jipPWDI?feature=oembed\" width=\"459\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Petit glossaire des mots h\u00e9breux et des personnages cit\u00e9s dans l&rsquo;\u00e9mission.<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Kvoutsa<\/strong>&nbsp;(pluriel kvoutot)= groupe de personne.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Kibboutz<\/strong>&nbsp;(pluriel kibboutzim)= ferme agricole.<\/p>\n<figure itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Kibboutz Degania\" height=\"150\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.radiofrance.fr\/s3\/cruiser-production\/2018\/04\/2c22da1d-9002-463b-b31f-bb878c4d5b40\/738_image2.jpg\" width=\"250\" \/><figcaption>Kibboutz Degania\u2022&nbsp;Cr\u00e9dits :&nbsp;<em itemprop=\"creator\">&#8230;<\/em>&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;<em itemprop=\"copyrightHolder\">Radio France<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Kibboutznik<\/strong>&nbsp;(pluriel kibboutznikim, f\u00e9minin, kibboutznikit) = membre d&rsquo;un kibboutz<\/p>\n<p><strong>Yishouv<\/strong>&nbsp;= lieu d&rsquo;installation des juifs en Palestine mandataire avant la cr\u00e9ation de l&rsquo;\u00e9tat d&rsquo;Isra\u00ebl en 1948.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Aliya<\/strong>&nbsp;(pluriel aliyot) = \u00e9migration en terre d&rsquo;Isra\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Martin Buber<\/strong>&nbsp;: (1878 &#8211; 1965). N\u00e9 \u00e0 Vienne et mort \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, M. Buber est l&rsquo;un des philosophes les plus importants du XXe si\u00e8cle. Sa philosophie du dialogue influen\u00e7a la philosophie \u00e9thique d&rsquo;Emmanuel L\u00e9vinas. Penseur de la relation et penseur de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation , il fut aussi un penseur du politique qui explora les voies de l&rsquo;utopie et de l&rsquo;anarchie au contact de son ami Gustav Landauer.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Gustav Landauer<\/strong>&nbsp;: (1870 \u2013 1919) anarchiste et r\u00e9volutionnaire allemand d&rsquo;origine juive. Principal th\u00e9oricien du socialisme libertaire en Allemagne. Il fut impliqu\u00e9 dans la cr\u00e9ation de la r\u00e9publique des Conseils de Bavi\u00e8re en tant que commissaire \u00e0 l&rsquo;instruction publique et \u00e0 la culture. Premier traducteur en allemand moderne du mystique m\u00e9di\u00e9val Ma\u00eetre Eckhart, et traducteur d&rsquo;\u0153uvres de William Shakespeare. C&rsquo;est au contact de Martin Buber qu&rsquo;il commen\u00e7a \u00e0 s&rsquo;int\u00e9resser \u00e0 la question juive qui devint centrale pour lui , l&rsquo;articulant avec la question de l&rsquo;anarchie.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abraham David Gordon<\/strong>&nbsp;: (1856 \u2013 1922). N\u00e9 en Ukraine et mort \u00e0 Degania, Gordon est un penseur, \u00e9crivain et \u00e9ducateur juif d&rsquo;expression h\u00e9bra\u00efque. Il compte parmi les id\u00e9ologues importants mouvement des travailleurs juifs en Palestine. Il consid\u00e9rait l&rsquo;activit\u00e9 corporelle comme moyen d&rsquo;\u00e9l\u00e9vation de l&rsquo;\u00eatre humain, une \u00ab religion du travail \u00bb. Son \u0153uvre a fortement influenc\u00e9 la cr\u00e9ation des Kibboutz.<\/p>\n<h2>Livre pr\u00e9sent\u00e9 dans l&rsquo;\u00e9mission<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lyber-eclat.net\/livres\/le-mouvement-des-kibboutz-et-lanarchie\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Le mouvement des kibboutz et l&rsquo;anarchie l&rsquo;anarchie: Une r\u00e9volution vivante.<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>James Horrox &#8211; Editions de l&rsquo;\u00e9clat<\/p>\n<figure itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><figcaption>&nbsp;<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><strong>Pr\u00e9face des \u00e9diteurs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Le mouvement des kibboutz prend forme en Palestine sous domination ottomane \u00e0 partir de 1910, et deviendra l\u2019une des exp\u00e9riences de vie communautaire et de progr\u00e8s social les plus abouties du XXe si\u00e8cle. S\u2019il s\u2019inscrit pleinement dans le cadre plus g\u00e9n\u00e9ral du sionisme, on sait peu \u00e0 quel point ses fondements id\u00e9ologiques et politiques sont ancr\u00e9s dans la pens\u00e9e anarchiste, incarn\u00e9e par des auteurs comme Pierre Kropotkine ou Gustav Landauer.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\u00ab \u00c9tait en jeu, alors, rien moins que l\u2019opportunit\u00e9 de transformer la mobilisation juive autour de la Palestine en un projet de lib\u00e9ration sociale de tous les peuples, et qui n\u2019aurait pu voir le jour que sous la banni\u00e8re d\u2019un socialisme sans \u00c9tat \u00bb, \u00e9crit Uri Gordon dans la pr\u00e9face \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9dition anglaise de ce livre de James Horrox&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>Un livre qui retrace l\u2019histoire de cette&nbsp;<em>r\u00e9volution vivante.<\/em>&nbsp;Et s\u2019il en analyse aussi le d\u00e9clin \u00e0 partir des ann\u00e9es 1980, il rend compte \u00e9galement des formes multiples de sa renaissance \u00e0 l\u2019aube du nouveau si\u00e8cle, qui t\u00e9moignent de la singuli\u00e8re vitalit\u00e9 des habitants de cette \u00ab terre pour deux peuples \u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019\u00e9dition originale, parue chez AK Press, Oakland CA en 2009, a \u00e9t\u00e9 actualis\u00e9e pour cette \u00e9dition fran\u00e7aise et enrichie d&rsquo;une postface in\u00e9dite de l\u2019auteur.<\/p>\n<h2>Lectures compl\u00e9mentaires<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.lyber-eclat.net\/livres\/gustav-landauer-un-anarchiste-de-lenvers\/\" target=\"_blank\"><strong>Gustav Landauer,<\/strong>&nbsp;<em><strong>un anarchiste de l\u2019envers<\/strong><\/em><strong>.&nbsp;<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n<p>\u00e9dit\u00e9e par les \u00e9ditions de l&rsquo;\u00e9clat et la revue \u00ab\u00a0\u00e0 contretemps\u00a0\u00bb<\/p>\n<figure itemscope=\"\" itemtype=\"https:\/\/schema.org\/ImageObject\"><img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"Editions de l'\u00e9clat et Revue &quot;\u00e0 contretemps&quot;\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/cdn.radiofrance.fr\/s3\/cruiser-production\/2018\/04\/5a578e34-f924-4355-a10f-dc0a7b1ac631\/738_image2.jpg\" width=\"100%\" \/><figcaption>Editions de l&rsquo;\u00e9clat et Revue \u00ab\u00a0\u00e0 contretemps\u00a0\u00bb\u2022&nbsp;Cr\u00e9dits :&nbsp;<em itemprop=\"creator\">&#8230;<\/em>&nbsp;&#8211;&nbsp;<em itemprop=\"copyrightHolder\">Radio France<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Suivi de douze \u00e9crits \u00abanti-politiques\u00bb de Gustav Landauer<\/p>\n<p>sous la direction de Freddy Gomez&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong>A propos du Kibboutz de Jugeals-Nazareth<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>On lira l&rsquo;article d&rsquo;Anne Grynberg, Le kibboutz de Corr\u00e8ze, 1033-1935 paru dans&nbsp;<em>Le retour \u00e0 la terre<\/em>&nbsp;in&nbsp;<em>Les cahiers du juda\u00efsme<\/em>, une publication des \u00e9ditions de l&rsquo;\u00e9clat et de l&rsquo;Alliance isra\u00e9lite universelle 2010.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" allow=\"autoplay; encrypted-media\" allowfullscreen=\"\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"344\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/nyjH46zvtXg?feature=oembed\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<ul>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;esp\u00e9rance du Kibboutz &nbsp; Encore habit\u00e9 en partie, ce palais social dont le plan fut con\u00e7u sur le mod\u00e8le de Versailles est devenu essentiellement un Mus\u00e9e. J\u2019ai particuli\u00e8rement aim\u00e9 l\u2019espace intitul\u00e9 la fabrique de l\u2019utopie. Mais quelle ne fut pas ma surprise de d\u00e9couvrir sur une table num\u00e9rique \u00e0 c\u00f4t\u00e9 de multiples objets qui font&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60206,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60205","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;esp\u00e9rance du Kibboutz | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L&#039;esp\u00e9rance du Kibboutz &nbsp; 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