{"id":60645,"date":"2018-10-09T17:11:55","date_gmt":"2018-10-09T17:11:55","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2018-10-09T17:11:55","modified_gmt":"2018-10-09T17:11:55","slug":"comment-la-chine-aurait-reussi-le-plus-grand-hack-de-tous-les-temps","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/comment-la-chine-aurait-reussi-le-plus-grand-hack-de-tous-les-temps\/","title":{"rendered":"Comment la Chine aurait r\u00e9ussi le plus grand hack de tous les temps"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Comment la Chine aurait r\u00e9ussi le plus grand hack de tous les temps<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>En int\u00e9grant une puce \u00ab backdoor \u00bb quasi ind\u00e9celable sur les cartes m\u00e8res pour serveur du num\u00e9ro 1 mondial, les autorit\u00e9s chinoises pourraient avoir acc\u00e9d\u00e9 aux secrets de trente entreprises am\u00e9ricaines, dont Amazon et Apple.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Un grain de sable, le proverbial, celui qui bloque la m\u00e9canique la mieux huil\u00e9e et met \u00e0 bas des empires. Il est en fait de la taille d\u2019un grain de riz et prend la forme d\u2019une microscopique puce, dont Bloomberg vient de d\u00e9voiler l\u2019existence en publiant une longue enqu\u00eate.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"padding-bottomx2 blocx2 border-b-s\" style=\"border-bottom-color:#dfdfdf; border-bottom-style:solid; border-bottom-width:1px; margin-bottom:28px; padding-bottom:28px\">\n<div class=\"links-color bloc\" itemprop=\"articleBody\" style=\"margin-bottom:14px\">\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Minuscule et pourtant colossale, cette puce provoque d&rsquo;ores et d\u00e9j\u00e0 une crise comme rarement la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 informatique n\u2019en a connu. Un raz de mar\u00e9e qui met \u00e0 mal la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de centaines de milliers de serveurs dans les data centers de g\u00e9ants comme Amazon ou Apple, et par extension celle de leurs centaines de millions d\u2019utilisateurs, particuliers, entreprises et administrations.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"box-sizing:border-box; color:#333333; font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:23px; font-weight:700; line-height:25.3px; margin-bottom:30px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:30px; text-align:left\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:border-box; font-weight:700\">L\u2019histoire d\u2019un petit g\u00e9ant<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Tout commence avec une entreprise californienne, dont le si\u00e8ge est situ\u00e9 dans le nord de San Jos\u00e9, au c\u0153ur de la Silicon Valley, \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de son a\u00e9roport international. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 s\u2019appelle Super Micro Computer, g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement raccourci en Supermicro. Elle a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9e en 1993 par Charles Liang, un ing\u00e9nieur ta\u00efwanais et sa femme, et est rapidement devenue le num\u00e9ro un d\u2019un march\u00e9 juteux, celui des cartes m\u00e8res pour serveurs. Des composants qu\u2019on retrouve dans les machines IRM, dans les serveurs Web, bancaires ou cloud\u2026 sans oublier les syst\u00e8mes de contr\u00f4le de l\u2019arm\u00e9e. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 de Charles Liang domine largement le march\u00e9, au point de vendre quasiment autant de cartes m\u00e8res que tous les autres acteurs r\u00e9unis.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Comme beaucoup d\u2019entreprises am\u00e9ricaines dans les ann\u00e9es 90, Supermicro a suivi la vague de la d\u00e9localisation de sa production, d\u2019abord \u00e0 Ta\u00efwan, puis en Chine continentale. Une \u00e9volution logique, facilit\u00e9e par la forte culture chinoise de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9, o\u00f9, explique Bloomberg, les r\u00e9unions importantes ont toujours lieu d\u2019abord en anglais, puis en mandarin.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"box-sizing:border-box; color:#333333; font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:23px; font-weight:700; line-height:25.3px; margin-bottom:30px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:30px; text-align:left\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:border-box; font-weight:700\">Un passager clandestin quasi ind\u00e9celable<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">C\u2019est cette d\u00e9localisation qui semble avoir permis le casse du si\u00e8cle. Dans le petit monde du hacking, d\u2019Etat notamment, pour compromettre du mat\u00e9riel, deux solutions sont envisageables. La premi\u00e8re, la plus simple, a les faveurs des agences am\u00e9ricaines, comme l\u2019a r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 Edward Snowden. Elle consiste \u00e0 intercepter l&rsquo;\u00e9quipement entre le lieu de fabrication et l\u2019adresse de livraison.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">La seconde est plus complexe car elle requiert une modification \u00e0 l\u2019usine, avec tout ce que cela implique. Une complicit\u00e9 forte de la part du fabricant (ou de ses sous-traitants) couverte par une puissance \u00e9tatique. Elle implique \u00e9galement une connaissance approfondie des circuits \u00e0 hacker. Car l\u2019objectif est bien d\u2019ajouter une puce sur les circuits qui permettra d\u2019acc\u00e9der \u00e0 la machine et aux informations qui transitent par ses circuits.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Voil\u00e0 pour la th\u00e9orie&#8230; devenue r\u00e9alit\u00e9 en 2015.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Cette ann\u00e9e-l\u00e0, deux soci\u00e9t\u00e9s, Amazon et Apple, d\u00e9couvrent chacune de leur c\u00f4t\u00e9 des puces clandestines sur des cartes m\u00e8res Supermicro install\u00e9es sur des serveurs. L\u2019une de ces machines \u00e9tait r\u00e9serv\u00e9e \u00e0 un laboratoire d\u2019Apple, d&rsquo;autres \u00e9taient en cours d\u2019analyse par les \u00e9quipes charg\u00e9es des audits de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 d\u2019Amazon. Alert\u00e9s, les services de renseignement am\u00e9ricains se sont pench\u00e9s sur ces cas et en ont conclu que ces mouchards, capables de communiquer avec des serveurs chinois, notamment pour prendre des instructions, ont bel et bien \u00e9t\u00e9 ajout\u00e9s en cours de fabrication. Une porte d\u00e9rob\u00e9e quasi ind\u00e9celable, de la taille d\u2019un grain de riz, toute grande ouverte pour permettre des attaques ult\u00e9rieures.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Selon les analystes am\u00e9ricains, pas moins de trente soci\u00e9t\u00e9s auraient \u00e9t\u00e9 concern\u00e9es par ce hack : Apple et Amazon (dont le service cloud est omnipr\u00e9sent), donc, mais \u00e9galement de grosses banques, des contractants de l\u2019Etat f\u00e9d\u00e9ral am\u00e9ricain, etc.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"box-sizing:border-box; color:#333333; font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:23px; font-weight:700; line-height:25.3px; margin-bottom:30px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:30px; text-align:left\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:border-box; font-weight:700\">L\u2019effondrement d\u2019un syst\u00e8me de confiance<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">A partir de l\u2019instant o\u00f9 des puces \u00ab pirates \u00bb ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9tect\u00e9es, la grande question est de savoir si d\u2019autres n\u2019ont pas \u00e9chapp\u00e9 \u00e0 la surveillance des experts avec, en corollaire, le doute qui s\u2019immisce. Peut-on faire confiance aux services de ces entreprises pirat\u00e9es de l\u2019int\u00e9rieur ? Les donn\u00e9es sont-elles en s\u00e9curit\u00e9 ? Deux questions qui reviennent \u00e0 mettre \u00e0 bas toute la confiance qu\u2019ont \u00e9tabli les g\u00e9ants comme Apple et Amazon avec leurs utilisateurs. Car malgr\u00e9 toute leur bonne volont\u00e9 et leurs principes forts, les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s qui recourent \u00e0 ces serveurs sont trahies, \u00e0 leur insu.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Il n\u2019est pas \u00e9tonnant que quelques-uns des acteurs concern\u00e9s ( Supermicro, Apple, Amazon et bien entendu l\u2019Etat chinois) se d\u00e9fendent chacun avec <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/articles\/2018-10-04\/the-big-hack-amazon-apple-supermicro-and-beijing-respond\" style=\"border-bottom-color:#e40613; border-bottom-style:none; border-bottom-width:0px; border-image-outset:0; border-image-repeat:stretch; border-image-slice:100%; border-image-source:none; border-image-width:1; border-left-color:#e40613; border-left-style:none; border-left-width:0px; border-right-color:#e40613; border-right-style:none; border-right-width:0px; border-top-color:#e40613; border-top-style:none; border-top-width:0px; box-sizing:border-box; color:#e40613; font-weight:400; outline-color:invert; outline-style:none; outline-width:0px; text-decoration:none\">leurs arguments d\u2019\u00eatre concern\u00e9s par cette affaire<\/a>. La Chine clame est un <em style=\"box-sizing:border-box; font-weight:400\">\u00ab d\u00e9fenseur r\u00e9solu de la cybers\u00e9curit\u00e9 \u00bb<\/em> et rappelle \u00eatre, elle aussi, victime de la compromission des cha\u00eenes de production. Tandis qu\u2019Apple d\u00e9clare mener des enqu\u00eates avanc\u00e9es avant chaque mise en service de ce genre de produit et ne pas avoir d\u00e9tect\u00e9 d\u2019irr\u00e9gularit\u00e9s, except\u00e9e celle report\u00e9e en 2015. La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9cise d\u2019ailleurs ne plus travailler avec Supermicro depuis 2016. Vu l\u2019importance que prend la d\u00e9fense de la vie priv\u00e9e et la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 des donn\u00e9es de ses utilisateurs, on comprend qu\u2019Apple ne prenne pas les r\u00e9v\u00e9lations de Bloomberg \u00e0 la l\u00e9g\u00e8re.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 11px;\">r&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"box-sizing:border-box; color:#333333; font-family:arial,helvetica,sans-serif; font-size:23px; font-weight:700; line-height:25.3px; margin-bottom:30px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:30px; text-align:left\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><strong style=\"box-sizing:border-box; font-weight:700\">La Chine et le hacking d\u2019Etat<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">N\u00e9anmoins, l\u2019enqu\u00eate du site \u00e9conomique am\u00e9ricain va plus loin et indique que les arguments d\u2019Apple, d\u2019Amazon et de Supermicro sont contr\u00e9s par plusieurs t\u00e9moignages, ceux d&rsquo;agents de l\u2019administration am\u00e9ricaine et d&#8217;employ\u00e9s d\u2019Apple, notamment. Avant que la puce ne soit d\u00e9couverte par des ing\u00e9nieurs d\u2019Apple, ce ne sont pas moins de 7 000 serveurs Supermicro qui auraient tourn\u00e9 sur le r\u00e9seau de la firme de Cupertino, avec tous les risques de fuite de donn\u00e9es que cela laisse entendre.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Bloomberg pr\u00e9cise toutefois qu\u2019a priori aucune donn\u00e9e personnelle n\u2019a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9rob\u00e9e. Car l\u2019objectif des espions \u2013 r\u00e9solument identifi\u00e9s comme \u00e9tant au service de la Chine \u2013 est de voler de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intellectuelle ou des donn\u00e9es gouvernementales secr\u00e8tes.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">L\u2019article \u00e9taie son affirmation en citant un haut fonctionnaire am\u00e9ricain qui aurait inform\u00e9 la Maison Blanche d\u00e8s 2014 de la volont\u00e9 des militaires chinois d\u2019int\u00e9grer des puces pirates dans les cartes m\u00e8res de Supermicro \u00e0 destination des entreprises am\u00e9ricaines.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Si ces soci\u00e9t\u00e9s am\u00e9ricaines ont pu \u00eatre flou\u00e9es, c\u2019est aussi et surtout le gouvernement chinois qui est plac\u00e9 sous les feux de la rampe dans cette enqu\u00eate. Elle raconte le chemin suivi par les enqu\u00eateurs des services secrets am\u00e9ricains pour remonter la piste de ces cartes m\u00e8res hack\u00e9es d\u00e8s leur origine. Comment des officiels chinois ont corrompu ou menac\u00e9 des sous-traitants (parfois des sous-traitants de sous-traitants de Supermicro) pour que le design de ces cartes soit modifi\u00e9.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"margin-bottom:20px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; margin-top:0px\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\"><span style=\"box-sizing:border-box\"><span style=\"font-weight:400\">Derri\u00e8re ces attaques, selon Bloomberg, on retrouve des unit\u00e9s de l\u2019Arm\u00e9e de lib\u00e9ration du peuple sp\u00e9cialis\u00e9es dans le hack mat\u00e9riel. A l\u2019heure o\u00f9 les relations entre la Chine et les Etats-Unis ne sont pas au mieux, alors que l\u2019administration Trump souhaite \u00e0 grands cris rapatrier les forces de production sur le territoire \u00e9tats-unien, ces r\u00e9v\u00e9lations risquent de bouleverser bien des choses et jeter le doute sur de nombreux servics. Pas forc\u00e9ment pour le mieux. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Comment la Chine aurait r\u00e9ussi le plus grand hack de tous les temps &nbsp; En int\u00e9grant une puce \u00ab backdoor \u00bb quasi ind\u00e9celable sur les cartes m\u00e8res pour serveur du num\u00e9ro 1 mondial, les autorit\u00e9s chinoises pourraient avoir acc\u00e9d\u00e9 aux secrets de trente entreprises am\u00e9ricaines, dont Amazon et Apple. Un grain de sable, le proverbial,&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":60646,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-60645","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Comment la Chine aurait r\u00e9ussi le plus grand hack de tous les temps | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Comment la Chine aurait r\u00e9ussi le plus grand hack de tous les temps &nbsp; 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