{"id":61798,"date":"2019-02-28T18:09:59","date_gmt":"2019-02-28T18:09:59","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2019-02-28T18:09:59","modified_gmt":"2019-02-28T18:09:59","slug":"le-crime-de-samuel-schwartzbard-de-remy-bijaoui","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/le-crime-de-samuel-schwartzbard-de-remy-bijaoui\/","title":{"rendered":"LE CRIME DE SAMUEL SCHWARTZBARD, DE R\u00c9MY BIJAOUI"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>LE CRIME DE SAMUEL SCHWARTZBARD, DE R\u00c9MY BIJAOUI<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019assassinat, en 1926, \u00e0 Paris, de l\u2019ataman ukrainien, Simon Petlioura par un horloger juif, Samuel Sholem Schwartzbard, , est, on le sait, \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la cr\u00e9ation de la LICRA.<\/p>\n<p>Avocat, R\u00e9my Bijaoui, apr\u00e8s avoir consult\u00e9 les attendus du proc\u00e8s de Samuel Schwartzbard et d\u00e9cortiqu\u00e9 la presse de l\u2019\u00e9poque comme les nombreux ouvrages consacr\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019affaire, nous propose un retour en arri\u00e8re \u00e9difiant et instructif.<\/p>\n<p>Le cas est en effet \u00e9tonnant, hors du commun. L\u2019horloger juif, n\u00e9 en Bessarabie, a, incontestablement, le 25 mai 1926, au Quartier Latin, assassin\u00e9 avec pr\u00e9m\u00e9ditation l\u2019ancien dirigeant ukrainien, l\u2019ataman Simon Petlioura. Sept balles de pistolet \u00e0 bout portant. Et, pourtant, apr\u00e8s une instruction de sept mois et un proc\u00e8s qui s\u2019ouvre le 18 octobre 1927 devant la Cour d\u2019Assises de la Seine, Samuel Schwarzbard sortira libre, acquitt\u00e9.<\/p>\n<p>Des pr\u00e9cisions int\u00e9ressantes sur l\u2019assassin nous sont donn\u00e9es&nbsp;: Schwartzbard est n\u00e9 en Russie, en 1886, dans la r\u00e9gion de Smolensk. Plus tard, sa famille s\u2019\u00e9tablira \u00e0 Balta, en Ukraine. Face au d\u00e9ferlement antis\u00e9mite, le jeune Samuel adh\u00e8re, \u00e0 19 ans, \u00e0 un mouvement juif d\u2019autod\u00e9fense. Il s\u00e9journe en Autriche, en Russie et en Hongrie avant de rejoindre la France. En 1910, il est mineur \u00e0 Saint-\u00c9tienne puis horloger \u00e0 Paris o\u00f9 il rencontre Anna, qui deviendra sa femme et, lorsque la Guerre \u00e9clate, il est mobilis\u00e9. Le 1<sup>er<\/sup>&nbsp;mars 1916, il est gri\u00e8vement bless\u00e9 dans la Somme. En 1917, quand la R\u00e9volution russe \u00e9clate, il rejoint la Russie o\u00f9 il demeure trois ans. De retour en France, en 1920, il s\u2019installera comme horloger \u00e0 M\u00e9nilmontant. En 1925, il a obtenu la nationalit\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise. \u00c0 la fin de sa vie, Schwarzbard a choisi de s\u2019installer en Afrique du Sud o\u00f9 il est mort le 3 mars 1938. Sa d\u00e9pouille a \u00e9t\u00e9, plus tard, transf\u00e9r\u00e9e en Isra\u00ebl, dans le \u00ab&nbsp;Carr\u00e9 des H\u00e9ros&nbsp;\u00bb du cimeti\u00e8re de Beer Sh\u00e9va.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e9fendu par le brillant ma\u00eetre Henry Torr\u00e8s, t\u00e9nor du barreau, lors de d\u00e9bats pr\u00e9sid\u00e9s par le conseiller Flory, avec, face \u00e0 lui, le d\u00e9fenseur de la veuve de Petlioura, le non moins c\u00e9l\u00e8bre ma\u00eetre Campinchi, Schwarzbard, qui reconna\u00eet les faits qui lui sont reproch\u00e9s, expliquera par le menu, sa haine de l\u2019ataman, responsable \u00e0 ses yeux des innombrables pogromes qui ont frapp\u00e9 l\u2019Ukraine et entra\u00een\u00e9 la mort de milliers de Juifs dont des membres de sa propre famille.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019habilet\u00e9 d\u2019Henry Torr\u00e8s, assist\u00e9 de Serge Weill-Goudchaux et de G\u00e9rard Rosenthal aura \u00e9t\u00e9 de d\u00e9placer les d\u00e9bats d\u2019une simple affaire criminelle \u00e0 un v\u00e9ritable r\u00e9quisitoire contre les pogromes, en Ukraine, en Russie et ailleurs et de faire, en somme, le proc\u00e8s de l\u2019antis\u00e9mitisme.<\/p>\n<p>Bernard Lecache, journaliste qui avait, au moment du proc\u00e8s, r\u00e9alis\u00e9 une enqu\u00eate sur les pogromes en Ukraine et \u00e9crit un ouvrage sur le sujet&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;Quand Isra\u00ebl meurt&nbsp;\u00bb et qui, en 1919, d\u00e9j\u00e0, avait lanc\u00e9 dans&nbsp;<em>Le Journal du Peuple<\/em>&nbsp;un appel pour la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un Comit\u00e9 de D\u00e9fense pour les Juifs opprim\u00e9s, r\u00e9unit le soir m\u00eame du verdict d\u2019acquittement, un groupe d\u2019amis parmi lesquels Joseph Kessel. Place Blanche, \u00e0 la brasserie Marianne, ils lancent les bases d\u2019une association loi de 1901&nbsp;: la Ligue Internationale Contre les Pogromes, qui deviendra plus tard la LICA puis la LICRA. Parmi les premiers adh\u00e9rents&nbsp;: Victor Bash, L\u00e9on Blum, Albert Einstein, Edmond Fleg, Maxime Gorki, Paul Langevin, la comtesse de Noailles, Georges Pioch, S\u00e9verine et Andr\u00e9 Spire.<\/p>\n<p>L\u2019auteur, tr\u00e8s honn\u00eatement, ne laisse pas dans l\u2019ombre, une question qui a agit\u00e9 le monde intellectuel au fil des ans&nbsp;: Petlioura \u00e9tait-il vraiment antis\u00e9mite, a-t-il lui-m\u00eame organis\u00e9 des pogromes. Certains de ses d\u00e9fenseurs diront qu\u2019il aimait les Juifs et avait m\u00eame install\u00e9 plusieurs d\u2019entre eux dans son gouvernement. Une chose est s\u00fbre&nbsp;: il \u00e9tait le chef et, d\u00e8s lors, sa responsabilit\u00e9 \u00e9tait enti\u00e8re face aux exactions de ses propres troupes.<\/p>\n<p>Un travail tr\u00e8s int\u00e9ressant et tr\u00e8s utile.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Jean-Pierre Allali<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>(*) \u00c9ditions Imago. Octobre 2018. 192 pages. 20 \u20ac.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>LE CRIME DE SAMUEL SCHWARTZBARD, DE R\u00c9MY BIJAOUI L\u2019assassinat, en 1926, \u00e0 Paris, de l\u2019ataman ukrainien, Simon Petlioura par un horloger juif, Samuel Sholem Schwartzbard, , est, on le sait, \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la cr\u00e9ation de la LICRA. Avocat, R\u00e9my Bijaoui, apr\u00e8s avoir consult\u00e9 les attendus du proc\u00e8s de Samuel Schwartzbard et d\u00e9cortiqu\u00e9 la presse&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":61799,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61798","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>LE CRIME DE SAMUEL SCHWARTZBARD, DE R\u00c9MY BIJAOUI | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta 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