{"id":61838,"date":"2019-03-07T18:59:08","date_gmt":"2019-03-07T18:59:08","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2019-03-07T18:59:08","modified_gmt":"2019-03-07T18:59:08","slug":"david-smadja-ophtalmologue-a-jerusalem-traite-la-myopie-par-des-gouttes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/david-smadja-ophtalmologue-a-jerusalem-traite-la-myopie-par-des-gouttes\/","title":{"rendered":"David Smadja, ophtalmologue \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, traite la myopie par des gouttes"},"content":{"rendered":"<header>\n<p>David Smadja, ophtalmologue \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, traite la myopie par des gouttes<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<p>C\u2019est encore un peu de la science-fiction et cela va n\u00e9cessiter encore des mois d\u2019exp\u00e9rimentations, mais le concept est prometteur : une \u00e9quipe isra\u00e9lienne est en train d\u2019essayer de concevoir un syst\u00e8me de gouttes oculaires qui pourrait permettre aux myopes de se passer de lunettes, de lentilles ou de chirurgie.<\/p>\n<p>Pour qui est oblig\u00e9 de mettre des lunettes ou de porter des lentilles, ou qui r\u00e9fl\u00e9chit \u00e0 une op\u00e9ration correctrice, l\u2019id\u00e9e a de quoi faire r\u00eaver. Une start-up isra\u00e9lienne est en train d\u2019essayer de transformer ce r\u00eave en r\u00e9alit\u00e9. Ce n\u2019est pas encore demain que ces gouttes seront disponibles, mais \u00e7a avance.&nbsp;<strong>De premiers essais prometteurs chez l\u2019animal<\/strong>&nbsp;l\u2019encouragent en tout cas \u00e0 poursuivre, bient\u00f4t, avec un essai sur l\u2019homme.<\/p>\n<p>Pour la petite histoire, le docteur&nbsp;<strong>David Smadja, ophtalmologue \u00e0 l\u2019h\u00f4pital Shaar\u00e9 Zedek de J\u00e9rusalem<\/strong>&nbsp;et concepteur du projet, raconte&nbsp;<strong>avoir eu l\u2019id\u00e9e de ces gouttes il y a trois ans, au soir d\u2019une grosse journ\u00e9e de travail,<\/strong>&nbsp;alors que ses yeux \u00e9taient secs et que sa vue fatiguait. \u00ab&nbsp;<em>J\u2019\u00e9tais devant mon \u00e9cran d\u2019ordinateur,<\/em>&nbsp;dit-il,&nbsp;<em>j\u2019avais mal \u00e0 la t\u00eate et un petit souci de vision, les yeux secs. Et l\u00e0, j\u2019ai pens\u00e9 aux gouttes. Pas de lunettes, quelques gouttes pour soulager, en m\u00eame temps l\u2019\u0153il et la vision\u2026 Finalement, pourquoi pas&nbsp;?<\/em>&nbsp;<em>Quelques jours plus tard,<\/em>&nbsp;<em>j\u2019en parle \u00e0 un chimiste et un physicien optique que je connaissais, \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, ils n\u2019ont pas trouv\u00e9 mon id\u00e9e absurde et m\u2019ont m\u00eame dit que \u00e7a pouvait se faire. C\u2019est parti comme \u00e7a.&nbsp;\u00bb<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Plusieurs r\u00e9unions de travail plus tard, avec des chercheurs de l\u2019universit\u00e9 Bar Ilan, le concept est n\u00e9. Un premier essai sur des yeux de porcs morts (car leurs yeux sont assez proches de ceux de l\u2019homme) s\u2019av\u00e8re concluant et les encourage \u00e0 poursuivre l\u2019aventure, \u00e0 lever des fonds notamment.<\/p>\n<h2>Du laser et quelques gouttes<\/h2>\n<p><strong>L\u2019id\u00e9e, pour corriger la vue, c\u2019est de modifier le trajet de la lumi\u00e8re dans l\u2019\u0153il.<\/strong>&nbsp;Pour faire simple, la technique op\u00e8re en deux temps&nbsp;: d\u2019abord,&nbsp;<strong>un laser va faire des trous minuscules<\/strong>&nbsp;(de la taille d\u2019une cellule) et sans danger sur la corn\u00e9e, pour y tracer un motif optique, correspondant \u00e0 la correction de chacun.&nbsp;<strong>Les gouttes oculaires, compos\u00e9es de nanoparticules, vont ensuite s\u2019engouffrer dans ces trous<\/strong>, et conduire la lumi\u00e8re l\u00e0 o\u00f9 on le souhaite pour une correction optimale.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c0 ce stade, beaucoup de questions se posent encore&nbsp;:&nbsp;<strong>jusqu\u2019\u00e0 quel niveau peut on corriger la vue&nbsp;?<\/strong>&nbsp;Peut on aller jusqu\u2019\u00e0 des myopies lourdes&nbsp;? Combien de temps durent les petits trous sur la corn\u00e9e et donc l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 du syst\u00e8me&nbsp;? Le docteur David Smadja parle pour l\u2019instant d\u2019un effet d\u2019une semaine. Le trac\u00e9 des motifs au laser se fera dans un premier temps chez un sp\u00e9cialiste, mais \u00e0 terme, on pourrait imaginer le faire chez soi, tout seul, d\u2019autant que l\u2019op\u00e9ration est sans douleur.&nbsp;<em>\u00ab&nbsp;Un peu comme les diab\u00e9tiques qui se piquent aujourd\u2019hui chez eux, avec un syst\u00e8me ultra l\u00e9ger pour mesurer leur glyc\u00e9mie, on peut imaginer un mini laser hyper simple&nbsp;\u00bb<\/em>, pr\u00e9cise David Smadja.<\/p>\n<p>Science-fiction pour l\u2019instant\u2026 mais technologie disponible, peut \u00eatre, dans pas si longtemps. Le syst\u00e8me est brevet\u00e9 depuis un an. D\u2019autres \u00e9tudes sur l\u2019animal vivant doivent \u00eatre men\u00e9es dans les mois qui viennent.&nbsp;<strong>L\u2019essai sur l\u2019homme devrait th\u00e9oriquement commencer d\u00e9but 2021.<\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>David Smadja, ophtalmologue \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, traite la myopie par des gouttes C\u2019est encore un peu de la science-fiction et cela va n\u00e9cessiter encore des mois d\u2019exp\u00e9rimentations, mais le concept est prometteur : une \u00e9quipe isra\u00e9lienne est en train d\u2019essayer de concevoir un syst\u00e8me de gouttes oculaires qui pourrait permettre aux myopes de se passer de&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":61839,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-61838","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>David Smadja, ophtalmologue \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, traite la myopie par des gouttes | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"David Smadja, ophtalmologue \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, traite la myopie par des gouttes 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