{"id":65867,"date":"2021-09-19T17:45:27","date_gmt":"2021-09-19T17:45:27","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2021-09-19T17:45:27","modified_gmt":"2021-09-19T17:45:27","slug":"foi-et-fecondite-revolution-demographique-et-transformation-des-religions-dans-le-monde","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/foi-et-fecondite-revolution-demographique-et-transformation-des-religions-dans-le-monde\/","title":{"rendered":"Foi et f\u00e9condit\u00e9 – R\u00e9volution d\u00e9mographique et transformation des religions dans le monde"},"content":{"rendered":"

Foi et f\u00e9condit\u00e9
\nR\u00e9volution d\u00e9mographique et transformation des religions dans le monde<\/span><\/p>\n

par Philip Jenkins
\nWaco, Texas : Baylor University Press, 2020, 270 pages, 29,99$<\/p>\n

Critique par Daniel Pipes<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
 <\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n
\n
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[NdT. Le titre fran\u00e7ais est une traduction libre du titre original anglais : Fertility and Faith. The Demographic Revolution and the Transformation of World Religions<\/i>]<\/p>\n

Professeur \u00e9m\u00e9rite \u2013 en titre et en r\u00e9alit\u00e9 \u2013 d’histoire \u00e0 l’Universit\u00e9 Baylor, Jenkins formule d’embl\u00e9e une g\u00e9n\u00e9ralisation \u00e9vidente sur le plan intuitif mais puissante : \u00ab Les soci\u00e9t\u00e9s \u00e0 forte f\u00e9condit\u00e9… ont tendance \u00e0 \u00eatre ferventes, d\u00e9votes et enthousiastes sur le plan religieux. Inversement, plus le taux de f\u00e9condit\u00e9 est bas et la taille de la famille r\u00e9duite, plus la tendance \u00e0 se d\u00e9tacher de toute religion organis\u00e9e ou institutionnelle est grande. \u00bb En d’autres termes, plus succincts, \u00ab la f\u00e9condit\u00e9 et la foi font route ensemble \u00bb.<\/p>\n

La majeure partie de l’\u00e9tude de Jenkins d\u00e9veloppe ensuite les aspects parfois peu \u00e9vidents de cette th\u00e8se. Ainsi \u00ab ce qui, dans l’\u00e9conomie religieuse, distingue les gagnants des perdants n’est pas la solidit\u00e9 de leur th\u00e9ologie mais leurs taux de f\u00e9condit\u00e9 \u00bb ou \u00ab les religions doivent d\u00e9velopper de nouvelles m\u00e9thodes de pr\u00e9sentation de leurs opinions \u00bb si elles veulent survivre et r\u00e9ussir, ou encore \u00ab la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 et la stabilit\u00e9 tendent \u00e0 r\u00e9duire la f\u00e9condit\u00e9 \u00bb (et donc la foi).<\/p>\n

Concernant les musulmans, Jenkins se concentre sur ce qu’il appelle \u00ab l’islam \u00e0 deux niveaux \u00bb, et distingue pour ce faire les pays \u00e0 forte f\u00e9condit\u00e9 comme le Y\u00e9men et l’Afghanistan, et les pays \u00e0 faible f\u00e9condit\u00e9 comme l’Albanie et l’Iran. Le premier niveau se caract\u00e9rise par un \u00ab ensemble de valeurs \u00bb caract\u00e9ris\u00e9 par le communautarisme, une mentalit\u00e9 traditionnelle, une conception des sexes moins \u00e9galitaire et plus r\u00e9gent\u00e9e, un sens plus aigu de l’honneur, une plus grande propension \u00e0 l’agressivit\u00e9 et \u00e0 l’instabilit\u00e9 ainsi qu’une adh\u00e9sion inconditionnelle \u00e0 des valeurs religieuses. Le second niveau se caract\u00e9rise par une mentalit\u00e9 plus occidentale, une grande stabilit\u00e9 et un sens d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 de l’individualisme. Les dirigeants iraniens m\u00e9prisent tellement cette mentalit\u00e9 de plus en plus occidentale qu’en 2010, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad a d\u00e9crit le d\u00e9sir de consommer plus plut\u00f4t que d’avoir des enfants comme \u00ab un acte de g\u00e9nocide \u00bb.<\/p>\n

Contre toute logique, Jenkins observe que \u00ab m\u00eame l’Arabie saoudite se trouve d\u00e9sormais sous le seuil de remplacement [des g\u00e9n\u00e9rations] \u00bb, et insiste dans le m\u00eame temps sur le fait que \u00ab aucun crit\u00e8re rationnel ne permet d’affirmer que l’Arabie saoudite … est en voie de s\u00e9cularisation \u00bb. Or, les preuves manifestes d’un tel mouvement ne manquent pas. Pour ne citer qu’une statistique, un sondage WIN\/Gallup de 2012 a montr\u00e9 que les \u00ab ath\u00e9es convaincus \u00bb repr\u00e9sentaient 5 % de la population en Arabie saoudite tandis que les personnes \u00ab non religieuses \u00bb repr\u00e9sentaient 19 %.<\/p>\n

Jenkins \u00e9met plus d’une observation perspicace. En voici trois. La d\u00e9mographie signifie que \u00ab les chr\u00e9tiens du Sud du globe sont \u00e0 bien des \u00e9gards plus proches de leurs voisins musulmans que de leurs coreligionnaires europ\u00e9ens. \u00bb \u00ab L’id\u00e9ologie de l’honneur [est] un indicateur de d\u00e9veloppement rarement pris en compte par les d\u00e9cideurs politiques. \u00bb Le d\u00e9clin d\u00e9mographique de l’Iran \u00ab rend moins probable l’hypoth\u00e8se d’une chute du r\u00e9gime \u00e0 la suite d’une agitation populaire \u00bb.<\/p>\n

\u00c0 l’instar de ses autres \u00e9crits, Jenkins donne ici beaucoup de mati\u00e8re \u00e0 r\u00e9flexion et \u00e0 discussion.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Foi et f\u00e9condit\u00e9 R\u00e9volution d\u00e9mographique et transformation des religions dans le monde par Philip Jenkins Waco, Texas : Baylor University Press, 2020, 270 pages, 29,99$ Critique par Daniel Pipes   [NdT. Le titre fran\u00e7ais est une traduction libre du titre original anglais : Fertility and Faith. The Demographic Revolution and the Transformation of World Religions] Professeur… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":65868,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-65867","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nFoi et f\u00e9condit\u00e9 - R\u00e9volution d\u00e9mographique et transformation des religions dans le monde | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Foi et f\u00e9condit\u00e9 R\u00e9volution d\u00e9mographique et transformation des religions dans le monde par Philip Jenkins Waco, Texas : Baylor University Press,\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/foi-et-fecondite-revolution-demographique-et-transformation-des-religions-dans-le-monde\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Foi et f\u00e9condit\u00e9 - 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