{"id":66351,"date":"2022-01-09T18:25:05","date_gmt":"2022-01-09T18:25:05","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2022-01-09T18:25:05","modified_gmt":"2022-01-09T18:25:05","slug":"israel-la-collection-de-la-bibliotheque-de-sainte-catherine-numerisee-a-jerusalem","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/israel-la-collection-de-la-bibliotheque-de-sainte-catherine-numerisee-a-jerusalem\/","title":{"rendered":"Isra\u00ebl &#8211; La collection de la biblioth\u00e8que de Sainte-Catherine num\u00e9ris\u00e9e \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"node-info clearfix\">\n<div class=\"node-time\">Isra\u00ebl &#8211; La collection de la biblioth\u00e8que de Sainte-Catherine num\u00e9ris\u00e9e \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem<\/div>\n<div class=\"node-time\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"node-content\" id=\"ancre_video\">\n<div class=\"field field-name-field-teaser field-type-text-long field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"field-items\">\n<div class=\"field-items field field-name-body field-type-text-with-summary field-label-hidden\">L\u2019une des plus grandes et anciennes collections de manuscrits au monde est d\u00e9sormais disponible dans le catalogue en ligne de la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale d\u2019Isra\u00ebl. Une vaste collection de codex et manuscrits conserv\u00e9e au monast\u00e8re Sainte-Catherine, situ\u00e9 au milieu du d\u00e9sert du Sina\u00ef. L\u2019isolement de l\u2019\u00e9difice permit aux textes du monast\u00e8re de survivre de nombreux si\u00e8cles, et ainsi de parvenir jusqu\u2019\u00e0 nous, malgr\u00e9 les dangers qui les guettent\u2026<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019histoire de la sauvegarde de ces tr\u00e9sors historiques par la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale d\u2019Isra\u00ebl commence par une rencontre dans le d\u00e9sert, en 1968. Celle d\u2019un jeune \u00e9rudit, d\u00e9j\u00e0 chef du d\u00e9partement des manuscrits de la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale et universitaire juive, Malachie Beit-Ari\u00e9, avec l\u2019archev\u00eaque grec orthodoxe de la p\u00e9ninsule du Sina\u00ef, Porphyre III.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Malachie Beit-Ari\u00e9 a une id\u00e9e derri\u00e8re la t\u00eate : n\u00e9gocier avec l\u2019archev\u00eaque, afin d\u2019obtenir l\u2019autorisation de microfilmer la vaste collection de manuscrits conserv\u00e9s au monast\u00e8re Sainte-Catherine, et ce pour le compte de la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale et universitaire juive, aujourd\u2019hui Biblioth\u00e8que nationale d\u2019Isra\u00ebl.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Des premiers microfilms \u00e0 la num\u00e9risation<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Un an avant l\u2019organisation de cette rencontre, la p\u00e9ninsule du Sina\u00ef avait \u00e9t\u00e9 conquise par Isra\u00ebl, suivant sa victoire \u00e0 l\u2019issue de la guerre des Six Jours de 1967. Aussi, l\u2019archev\u00eaque, qui avait \u00e9tudi\u00e9 l\u2019h\u00e9breu, accepta-t-il rapidement la demande du jeune \u00e9rudit, et r\u00e9pondit avec enthousiasme \u00e0 l\u2019id\u00e9e de collaborer avec les universitaires isra\u00e9liens, loin des confrontations qui firent trembler le Proche et Moyen-Orient l\u2019ann\u00e9e pr\u00e9c\u00e9dente. L\u2019archev\u00eaque se rendit alors \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, et demanda, en \u00e9change de l\u2019acc\u00e8s aux manuscrits, un ensemble complet du Talmud en anglais.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Avant 1968, environ la moiti\u00e9 de la collection du monast\u00e8re avait d\u00e9j\u00e0 \u00e9t\u00e9 microfilm\u00e9e par une \u00e9quipe de la Biblioth\u00e8que du Congr\u00e8s d\u00e8s 1950. Et suite \u00e0 ces n\u00e9gociations fructueuses, une \u00e9quipe isra\u00e9lienne a entrepris de terminer de microfilmer le reste de la collection du monast\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Directeur de la photographie et photographe \u00e0 la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale et universitaire juive, employ\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, Jacques Soussana avait film\u00e9 de rares s\u00e9quences en couleur au monast\u00e8re au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1970.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Des images num\u00e9ris\u00e9es avec l\u2019aide de Steven Spielberg, du Jewish Film Archive et de la Jerusalem Cinematheque. Ces films incluent des images de la c\u00e9l\u00e8bre collection de manuscrits, ainsi que des sc\u00e8nes de la vie monastique dans le d\u00e9sert.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Au cours des deux derni\u00e8res ann\u00e9es, les microfilms collect\u00e9s par l\u2019\u00e9quipe de la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale d\u2019Isra\u00ebl \u00e0 la fin des ann\u00e9es 1960 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 num\u00e9ris\u00e9s et t\u00e9l\u00e9charg\u00e9s dans le catalogue de la Biblioth\u00e8que. Ainsi, le grand public peut d\u00e9sormais consulter quelque 1700 manuscrits sous forme num\u00e9rique. Une num\u00e9risation devenue n\u00e9cessaire, car nombre de microfilms avaient commenc\u00e9 \u00e0 se d\u00e9sint\u00e9grer, mena\u00e7ant la survie des informations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Il existe \u00e9galement un projet distinct en cours, dirig\u00e9 par la Early Manuscripts Electronic Library (EMEL) en collaboration avec la biblioth\u00e8que de l\u2019UCLA, pour produire de nouvelles photographies en couleurs de haute qualit\u00e9 des manuscrits de Sainte-Catherine.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>La plus ancienne biblioth\u00e8que du monde<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">L\u2019impressionnant monast\u00e8re Sainte-Catherine, prot\u00e9g\u00e9 au milieu du d\u00e9sert par d\u2019immenses murs, abrite l\u2019une des plus anciennes biblioth\u00e8ques au monde encore en activit\u00e9. Fonctionnant en permanence, le monast\u00e8re et sa biblioth\u00e8que mill\u00e9naire ont \u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e9rig\u00e9s dans le sud de la p\u00e9ninsule du Sina\u00ef, entour\u00e9 de paysages d\u00e9sertiques montagneux spectaculaires, et achev\u00e9 en 565 apr. J.-C. sous le r\u00e8gne de l\u2019empereur Justinien. L\u2019\u00e9difice abrite et nourrit m\u00eame ce que certains consid\u00e8rent \u00eatre comme le v\u00e9ritable buisson ardent, puisqu\u2019il se trouve au pied de ce qui est consid\u00e9r\u00e9 par la tradition chr\u00e9tienne comme le mont Horeb, o\u00f9 Mo\u00efse a re\u00e7u les dix commandements.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Compos\u00e9e de quelque 3400 manuscrits accumul\u00e9s durant un mill\u00e9naire et demi, cette collection de codex et manuscrits anciens r\u00e9unit une grande vari\u00e9t\u00e9 de textes religieux chr\u00e9tiens.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">La biblioth\u00e8que contient, entre autres, de premi\u00e8res bibles, de la po\u00e9sie religieuse et de la musique d\u2019\u00e9glise, des \u00e9crits des diff\u00e9rents P\u00e8res de l\u2019\u00c9glise, ou encore de la litt\u00e9rature monastique.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sont \u00e9galement inclus des classiques grecs, de la correspondance, des \u00e9crits sur la grammaire, des exercices d\u2019arithm\u00e9tique, des travaux de rh\u00e9torique, des textes historiographiques et d\u2019autres formes de litt\u00e9rature profane\u2026 Des textes en grec dans la grande majorit\u00e9, mais \u00e9galement en arabe, syriaque, g\u00e9orgien, comme en langues mortes, tels l\u2019aram\u00e9en palestinien chr\u00e9tien ou encore l\u2019albanais du Caucase. Les plus anciens manuscrits de cette collection datent du IIIe si\u00e8cle de notre \u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Une collection menac\u00e9e<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Si la collection a \u00e9t\u00e9 pr\u00e9serv\u00e9e, en grande partie gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 l\u2019isolement de l\u2019\u00e9difice, ses fortifications du VIe si\u00e8cle et le climat sec et d\u00e9sertique, les derniers troubles dans la p\u00e9ninsule du Sina\u00ef ont repr\u00e9sent\u00e9 une vraie menace pour les tr\u00e9sors historiques. En 2017, une attaque de l\u2019\u00c9tat islamique contre un poste de contr\u00f4le pr\u00e8s du monast\u00e8re a fait un mort et trois autres bless\u00e9s parmi les policiers. Une agression qui s\u2019inscrit dans une s\u00e9rie d\u2019escarmouches entre les terroristes de l\u2019ancien \u00c9tat islamique et l\u2019arm\u00e9e \u00e9gyptienne.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Cette prise de conscience des dangers r\u00e9els pour cette biblioth\u00e8que a \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u2019une des raisons qui ont motiv\u00e9 le choix de num\u00e9riser les tr\u00e9sors historiques du monast\u00e8re Sainte-Catherine, garantissant la survie des informations inestimables et du patrimoine culturel qu\u2019il contient.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Une initiative qui, tout en garantissant une nouvelle vie \u00e0 ces tr\u00e9sors culturels, rend accessible des documents qui \u00e9taient autrefois r\u00e9serv\u00e9s \u00e0 ceux qui pouvaient parcourir les sables arides du d\u00e9sert, et atteindre ce monast\u00e8re sorti des premiers si\u00e8cles du christianisme.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Les manuscrits et autres textes num\u00e9ris\u00e9s sont accessibles <strong><u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nli.org.il\/en\/discover\/manuscripts\/saint-catherine?_gl=1*4mhq1m*_ga*NjMwMDAyMjI1LjE2NDA1OTMxMjM.*_ga_8P5PPG5E6Z*MTY0MDYxNDgyNy4yLjEuMTY0MDYxNTgxMC41MA..&amp;_ga=2.108633730.1851222800.1640593124-630002225.1640593123\">\u00e0 cette adresse.<\/a><\/u><\/strong><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"field-items field field-name-field-source field-type-link-field field-label-hidden\">\n<div class=\"source-container\">Source : InfoJ Moderne<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Isra\u00ebl &#8211; La collection de la biblioth\u00e8que de Sainte-Catherine num\u00e9ris\u00e9e \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem &nbsp; L\u2019une des plus grandes et anciennes collections de manuscrits au monde est d\u00e9sormais disponible dans le catalogue en ligne de la Biblioth\u00e8que nationale d\u2019Isra\u00ebl. Une vaste collection de codex et manuscrits conserv\u00e9e au monast\u00e8re Sainte-Catherine, situ\u00e9 au milieu du d\u00e9sert du Sina\u00ef.&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":66352,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66351","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Isra\u00ebl - La collection de la biblioth\u00e8que de Sainte-Catherine num\u00e9ris\u00e9e \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Isra\u00ebl - La collection de la biblioth\u00e8que de Sainte-Catherine num\u00e9ris\u00e9e \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem &nbsp; 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