{"id":67775,"date":"2023-01-22T23:22:13","date_gmt":"2023-01-22T23:22:13","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-01-22T23:22:13","modified_gmt":"2023-01-22T23:22:13","slug":"l-odyssee-de-simon-d-essaouira-a-constantinople-par-jean-nakache","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/l-odyssee-de-simon-d-essaouira-a-constantinople-par-jean-nakache\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;Odyss\u00e9e de Simon d&rsquo;Essaouira \u00e0 Constantinople, par Jean Nakache"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"headerBillet\">\n<p>Lectures de Jean-Pierre Allali &#8211; L&rsquo;Odyss\u00e9e de Simon d&rsquo;Essaouira \u00e0 Constantinople, par Jean Nakache<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"accrocheBillet\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<div class=\"fichiersBillet\">&nbsp;<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em>L&rsquo;Odyss\u00e9e de Simon d&rsquo;Essaouira \u00e0 Constantinople<\/em>, par Jean Nakache (*)<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Jean Ernest Nakache est n\u00e9 en 1936 \u00e0 Constantine. Dans ce r\u00e9cit alerte et bien document\u00e9, il nous raconte \u00e0 la fois la vie palpitante de son arri\u00e8re-grand-p\u00e8re maternel, Simon, n\u00e9 en 1855, et nous brosse un tableau tr\u00e8s fouill\u00e9 de la vie, \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e9poque, au Maroc et en Alg\u00e9rie.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Tout commence \u00e0 Essaouira, l\u2019ancienne Mogador. D\u00e9sireux d\u2019exaucer le v\u0153u que tous les Juifs formulent chaque ann\u00e9e au cours du <em>Seder <\/em>de Pessah&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;L\u2019an prochain \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem&nbsp;\u00bb, Simon d\u00e9cide d\u2019entreprendre le long voyage qui doit le mener \u00e0 la capitale de l\u2019ancien Isra\u00ebl. Un voyage qui n\u2019est pas sans risques pour un jeune Juif car il va falloir traverser des territoires soumis au statut inf\u00e2mant de la <em>dhimma<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sa premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape est la ville d\u2019Oujda, non loin de la fronti\u00e8re avec l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie. Ici, comme ailleurs, plus tard, il trouve le g\u00eete et le couvert chez le rabbin de la ville. Deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9tape&nbsp;: Tlemcen, la cit\u00e9 prot\u00e9g\u00e9e et b\u00e9nie par le fameux Grand rabbin Ephra\u00efm Aln\u2019Kaoua (Enkaoua). C\u2019est l\u00e0 qu\u2019il prend connaissance d\u2019un projet de p\u00e9tition que les citoyens juifs d\u2019Alg\u00e9rie envisagent de remettre \u00e0 l\u2019Empereur Louis Napol\u00e9on Bonaparte en vue d\u2019obtenir collectivement la nationalit\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise. Au sein de la communaut\u00e9 les d\u00e9bats sont anim\u00e9s. Il y a les pour et les contre. Pour ceux qui y sont favorables, c\u2019est une occasion inesp\u00e9r\u00e9e de sortir du statut de la dhimma qui fait des Juifs en terre d\u2019islam des citoyens de seconde zone. Ceux qui y sont oppos\u00e9s arguent du fait que l\u2019acceptation entra\u00eenerait un abandon de certains aspects de la religion juive. \u00c0 la synagogue, les rabbins et les dirigeants communautaires sollicitent l\u2019avis de Simon, consid\u00e9r\u00e9 comme un sage. Apr\u00e8s Tlemcen, direction Oran, Wahr\u00e2n, en cal\u00e8che. Oran o\u00f9 il sympathisera avec David, le fils du rabbin. Leurs conversations refont l\u2019histoire&nbsp;: les deys turcs et leurs terribles janissaires, la terrible Isabelle la Catholique. Pour aller d\u2019Oran \u00e0 Alger, Simon monte \u00e0 bord d\u2019un voilier. Escales \u00e0 Arzew et Mostaganem. \u00c0 bord, il sympathise avec Ruben, dit Robert, un Juif livournais. Les conversations, l\u00e0 aussi, sont anim\u00e9es. On parle de la fameuse gifle, du soufflet donn\u00e9 par le dey au consul de France sur fond d\u2019une dette due \u00e0 l\u2019entreprise Bacri-Busnach, qui conduira \u00e0 la conqu\u00eate de l\u2019Alg\u00e9rie par la France.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Alger la Blanche, enfin, avec sa Casbah lumineuse, la synagogue de la rue Bab Azoum, le quartier flambant neuf de Bab El Oued. Et toujours et encore, les discussions anim\u00e9es autour du projet de Napol\u00e9on et de la p\u00e9tition. Notamment avec le \u00ab&nbsp;Dayan&nbsp;\u00bb, pr\u00e9sident du Conseil rabbinique de Constantine. C\u2019est d\u2019ailleurs en compagnie de ce dernier que Simon embarque \u00e0 bord d\u2019un caboteur pour la suite de leur odyss\u00e9e. Apr\u00e8s Beja\u00efa, Djidjelli, Collo et Skikda <em>alias <\/em>Philippeville, nos amis rejoignent Constantine. Voici le rocher et les gorges du Rummel.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On \u00e9voque encore la sc\u00e9l\u00e9ratesse des deys et des beys, qui isol\u00e8rent les Juifs dans un quartier, la <em>Hara<\/em> (en turc, le lieu de refuge religieux) que les Juifs d\u00e9signeront entre eux comme la <em>Cacharah<\/em>, les dix-sept jeunes filles juives enlev\u00e9es et offertes au dey, les massacres perp\u00e9tr\u00e9s \u00e0 Alger en 1830.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">C\u2019est \u00e0 Constantine que Simon passera les f\u00eates de Pessah et c\u2019est dans cette ville que \u00ab&nbsp;son regard est attir\u00e9 par une belle jeune fille aux cheveux blonds et au yeux clairs&nbsp;\u00bb. Kamera ou Camille va changer le cours de sa vie. Sur fond de la visite imp\u00e9riale tant attendue, Simon va d\u00e9clarer sa flamme et \u00e9pouser la belle Kamera Nakache. D\u00e8s lors, il renonce \u00e0 se rendre \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Le 14 juillet 1865, le gouvernement fran\u00e7ais prend des d\u00e9cisions qui d\u00e9\u00e7oivent un peu la communaut\u00e9 juive alg\u00e9rienne. Il faudra attendre le fameux d\u00e9cret Cr\u00e9mieux du 24 octobre 1870 pour que les Juifs d\u2019Alg\u00e9rie deviennent des citoyens fran\u00e7ais \u00e0 part enti\u00e8re.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">De nombreuses illustrations agr\u00e9mentent cet ouvrage d\u2019une lecture captivante.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\u00c0 d\u00e9couvrir&nbsp;!<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Jean-Pierre Allali<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">(*) \u00c9ditions Luxe, Janvier 2023, 224 pages, 19,90 \u20ac.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Lectures de Jean-Pierre Allali &#8211; L&rsquo;Odyss\u00e9e de Simon d&rsquo;Essaouira \u00e0 Constantinople, par Jean Nakache &nbsp; &nbsp; L&rsquo;Odyss\u00e9e de Simon d&rsquo;Essaouira \u00e0 Constantinople, par Jean Nakache (*) Jean Ernest Nakache est n\u00e9 en 1936 \u00e0 Constantine. Dans ce r\u00e9cit alerte et bien document\u00e9, il nous raconte \u00e0 la fois la vie palpitante de son arri\u00e8re-grand-p\u00e8re maternel,&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":67776,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-67775","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;Odyss\u00e9e de Simon d&#039;Essaouira \u00e0 Constantinople, par Jean Nakache | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Lectures de Jean-Pierre Allali - L&#039;Odyss\u00e9e de Simon d&#039;Essaouira \u00e0 Constantinople, par Jean Nakache &nbsp; 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