{"id":68263,"date":"2023-06-11T18:14:18","date_gmt":"2023-06-11T18:14:18","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2023-06-11T18:14:18","modified_gmt":"2023-06-11T18:14:18","slug":"les-juifs-sefarades-de-lafrique-du-nord-au-quebec","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/les-juifs-sefarades-de-lafrique-du-nord-au-quebec\/","title":{"rendered":"Les Juifs s\u00e9farades : de l\u2019Afrique du Nord au Qu\u00e9bec"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"sc-1gflqmw-0 cvsCch media-info\">\n<p class=\"sc-56bmaf-0 bYWydJ heading\"><span class=\"text\">Les Juifs s\u00e9farades&nbsp;: de l\u2019Afrique du Nord au Qu\u00e9bec<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<article class=\"sc-r4cq79-0 gxSOBA article\">\n<div class=\"segment-summary\">\n<p>Originaires pour la plupart du Maghreb ou de l&rsquo;Orient arabe, les Juifs s\u00e9farades sont arriv\u00e9s au Qu\u00e9bec apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale. L&rsquo;historienne Yolande Cohen raconte comment ils ont chang\u00e9 le visage de la communaut\u00e9 juive montr\u00e9alaise, qui \u00e9tait \u00e0 pr\u00e9dominance ashk\u00e9naze et anglophone.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>Les communaut\u00e9s juives s\u00e9farade et ashk\u00e9naze sont bien diff\u00e9rentes. Les membres de cette derni\u00e8re sont essentiellement originaires d\u2019Europe centrale et orientale. La plupart fuient ces r\u00e9gions \u00e0 la suite des pogroms antis\u00e9mites de 1890&nbsp;\u00e0 1930. En plus de leur langue nationale, ils parlent le yiddish.<\/p>\n<p>Quant aux Juifs s\u00e9farades, \u00e9tonnamment, ils sont arriv\u00e9s avant les ashk\u00e9nazes, d\u00e8s la conqu\u00eate britannique de 1759. Les familles Joseph et Hart en sont les principales figures. \u00ab&nbsp;La premi\u00e8re synagogue canadienne est une synagogue s\u00e9farade&nbsp;\u00bb, raconte Yolande Cohen au sujet de la synagogue espagnole et portugaise de Montr\u00e9al appel\u00e9e Shearith Isra\u00ebl. Cependant, les campagnes antis\u00e9mites des ann\u00e9es 1920&nbsp;mettent fin \u00e0 l\u2019immigration juive. \u00ab&nbsp;La petite communaut\u00e9 s\u00e9farade va dispara\u00eetre dans le flot de la communaut\u00e9 juive ashk\u00e9naze.&nbsp;\u00bb<\/p>\n<p>Les Juifs s\u00e9farades se s\u00e9parent en deux groupes. La branche autochtone est issue des tribus juives en Palestine qui se sont r\u00e9pandues dans les pays du bassin m\u00e9diterran\u00e9en avant la conqu\u00eate arabe. L\u2019autre, la plus connue, vient d\u2019Espagne et du Portugal; chass\u00e9s par les rois espagnols en 1492, ces Juifs se sont install\u00e9s un peu en Europe et dans les pays d\u2019Afrique du Nord, dont le Maroc. \u00ab&nbsp;C\u2019est eux qui viennent dans les ann\u00e9es 50-60&nbsp;\u00bb, pr\u00e9cise Yolande Cohen.<\/p>\n<p>Le Montr\u00e9al juif que nous connaissons est plut\u00f4t d\u2019origine ashk\u00e9naze et anglophone. \u00ab&nbsp;Les \u00e9coles catholiques n\u2019acceptaient pas des immigrants d\u2019autres langues&nbsp;\u00bb, rappelle l\u2019historienne. Apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale, pr\u00e8s de 35&nbsp;000&nbsp;survivants de la Shoah arrivent au Canada, dont une grande partie, au Qu\u00e9bec.<\/p>\n<p>Plus encore, avec la cr\u00e9ation de l\u2019\u00c9tat d\u2019Isra\u00ebl en 1948, beaucoup de Juifs expuls\u00e9s d\u2019Irak et d\u2019\u00c9gypte trouvent un refuge \u00e0 Montr\u00e9al, notamment \u00e0 la synagogue espagnole et portugaise, qui redevient un lieu d\u2019accueil s\u00e9farade.<\/p>\n<p>D\u00e8s lors, les Juifs s\u00e9farades fondent des institutions importantes, dont la Communaut\u00e9 s\u00e9pharade unifi\u00e9e du Qu\u00e9bec, et surtout des \u00e9coles, dont l\u2019\u00c9cole Ma\u00efmonide, \u00ab&nbsp;la premi\u00e8re grande \u00e9cole francophone juive d\u2019Am\u00e9rique du Nord&nbsp;\u00bb.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9galement au cours de cette \u00e9mission, Yolande Cohen explique comment les Juifs s\u00e9farades ont affirm\u00e9 leur identit\u00e9 gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 la langue et comment ils ont fait entendre leur voix dans la vie politique qu\u00e9b\u00e9coise, notamment sur la question de l\u2019ind\u00e9pendance.<\/p>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Les Juifs s\u00e9farades&nbsp;: de l\u2019Afrique du Nord au Qu\u00e9bec Originaires pour la plupart du Maghreb ou de l&rsquo;Orient arabe, les Juifs s\u00e9farades sont arriv\u00e9s au Qu\u00e9bec apr\u00e8s la Seconde Guerre mondiale. L&rsquo;historienne Yolande Cohen raconte comment ils ont chang\u00e9 le visage de la communaut\u00e9 juive montr\u00e9alaise, qui \u00e9tait \u00e0 pr\u00e9dominance ashk\u00e9naze et anglophone. Les communaut\u00e9s&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":68264,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-68263","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Les Juifs s\u00e9farades : de l\u2019Afrique du Nord au Qu\u00e9bec | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Les Juifs s\u00e9farades&nbsp;: de l\u2019Afrique du Nord au Qu\u00e9bec Originaires 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