{"id":69487,"date":"2024-04-16T16:12:54","date_gmt":"2024-04-16T16:12:54","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-04-16T16:12:54","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T16:12:54","slug":"l-age-d-or-de-la-medecine-arabe","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/l-age-d-or-de-la-medecine-arabe\/","title":{"rendered":"L&rsquo;\u00e2ge d&rsquo;or de la m\u00e9decine arabe"},"content":{"rendered":"<header>\n<p itemprop=\"name\">L&rsquo;\u00e2ge d&rsquo;or de la m\u00e9decine arabe<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<p>En quoi la m\u00e9decine arabo-islamique a-t-elle marqu\u00e9 l\u2019histoire m\u00e9di\u00e9vale ? Comment expliquer l\u2019h\u00e9g\u00e9monie de l\u2019Empire Arabo-islamique : sa civilisation, ses savoir-faire ? Alors que l\u2019Occident traversait un long obscurantisme, comment cette science et cette m\u00e9decine en sont venues \u00e0 dominer le monde?<\/p>\n<p>C\u2019est peu dire que l\u2019histoire des sciences, telle qu\u2019elle nous est ici compt\u00e9e, et telle que nous la racontons tous les jeudis est tr\u00e8s largement occidentalo-centr\u00e9e. Ainsi, l\u2019histoire de la m\u00e9decine d\u00e9peint tr\u00e8s largement l\u2019essor de la Renaissance \u00e0 travers la red\u00e9couverte des textes antiques. Or, entre le V\u00e8me et le XV\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, pendant ces 1000 ans de l\u2019\u00e2ge d\u2019or de la civilisation arabo-musulmane, les savants de langue arabe ne se sont pas content\u00e9s de \u00ab&nbsp;conserver les savoirs h\u00e9rit\u00e9s de la Gr\u00e8ce et de la Rome antique&nbsp;\u00bb. Ils ont largement contribu\u00e9 \u00e0 les d\u00e9velopper, \u00e0 la pr\u00e9ciser voire \u00e0 les r\u00e9futer. C\u2019est cette histoire de la m\u00e9decine arabe que nous allons aujourd\u2019hui vous conter.<\/p>\n<p><em>L\u2019\u00e2ge d\u2019or de la m\u00e9decine arabe<\/em>&nbsp;: c\u2019est le programme d\u00e9centralis\u00e9 qui est le n\u00f4tre pour l\u2019heure qui vient. Bienvenue dans La M\u00e9thode scientifique.<\/p>\n<p>Et nos deux narrateurs de cette autre histoire de la m\u00e9decine sont aujourd\u2019hui&nbsp;<strong>Danielle Jacquart<\/strong>, directrice d\u2019\u00e9tudes \u00e9m\u00e9rite \u00e0 l\u2019Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, section sciences historiques et philologiques. Membre de l\u2019Acad\u00e9mie internationale de l\u2019Histoire des Sciences et&nbsp;<strong>Bruno Halioua<\/strong>, dermatologue, enseignant d\u2019histoire de la m\u00e9decine \u00e0 Sorbonne Universit\u00e9s, membre de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 fran\u00e7aise d\u2019histoire de sciences.<\/p>\n<h2>Le reportage du jour<\/h2>\n<p>Rencontre avec&nbsp;<strong>Jo\u00ebl Chandelier<\/strong>, ma\u00eetre de conf\u00e9rence en histoire m\u00e9di\u00e9vale \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 Paris 8. Qui fut Avicenne et pourquoi son&nbsp;<em>Canon<\/em>&nbsp;a-t-il \u00e9t\u00e9 impr\u00e9gn\u00e9 l\u2019histoire de la m\u00e9decine orientale et occidentale du XIe au XVIIe si\u00e8cle&nbsp;? Par Antoine Beauchamp&nbsp;:<\/p>\n<p>\u00c9couter<\/p>\n<p><iframe loading=\"lazy\" frameborder=\"0\" height=\"137\" scrolling=\"no\" src=\"https:\/\/www.franceculture.fr\/player\/export-reecouter?content=f11df5e1-70fa-4091-b005-aee2fb16e9cd\" width=\"100%\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<h2>Quelques rep\u00e8res<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>L\u2019Empire arabo-islamique s\u2019est consid\u00e9rablement \u00e9tendu apr\u00e8s la mort de Mahomet en 632. Un mouvement de conqu\u00eate s\u2019enclenche dans un premier temps sur la p\u00e9ninsule arabique, la Palestine, la M\u00e9sopotamie, la Perse et l\u2019Egypte. En moins d\u2019un si\u00e8cle, l\u2019empire arrive \u00e0 s\u2019\u00e9tendre jusqu\u2019au nord de l\u2019Espagne \u00e0 l\u2019ouest, et au fleuve de l\u2019Indus \u00e0 l\u2019est. Les grandes dynasties qui gouvernent et se succ\u00e8dent vont instaurer une domination \u00e9conomique et intellectuelle.<\/li>\n<li>A la suite de l\u2019effondrement de l\u2019Empire romain, l\u2019Occident va conna\u00eetre une longue p\u00e9riode d\u2019obscurantisme scientifique. Dans le m\u00eame temps, les nombreuses traductions des textes savants grecs vers l\u2019arabe vont assurer une sauvegarde des connaissances en m\u00e9decine. Au-del\u00e0 d\u2019une conservation des savoirs, les m\u00e9decins arabes vont partir sur ces bases et commenter, critiquer et d\u00e9passer les th\u00e9ories pr\u00f4n\u00e9es par les Anciens&nbsp;: Galien, Hippocrate.<\/li>\n<li>Entre le 10\u00e8me et le 13\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, l\u2019empire arabo-islamique est \u00e0 son apog\u00e9e et conna\u00eet un rayonnement scientifique, en particulier en m\u00e9decine. Des savants comme Ibn Sina dit Avicenne, Muhammad Ibn Zakarya R\u00e2zi dit Rhazes, Abu al-Qasim al-Zahrawi dit Abulcasis dans des domaines tels que l\u2019anatomie, la physiologie, les maladies infectieuses, la chirurgie et la pharmacie.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>Plus que des d\u00e9couvertes m\u00e9dicales, c\u2019est une d\u00e9marche rationnelle que les savants arabes vont instaurer, fond\u00e9e sur l\u2019observation et l\u2019exp\u00e9rience, pr\u00e9misses d\u2019une m\u00e9decine bas\u00e9e sur les faits, qui va actualiser et moderniser la m\u00e9decine. Dans les grandes cit\u00e9s comme Bagdad, le Caire, La Mecque, Tol\u00e8de ou Montpellier, des h\u00f4pitaux vont se b\u00e2tir et se d\u00e9velopper pour accueillir tout profil de malade avec un syst\u00e8me d\u2019organisation sectoris\u00e9, o\u00f9 m\u00e9decins, infirmiers, pharmaciens et \u00e9tudiants \u0153uvrent \u00e0 la pratique et cultivent la th\u00e9orie.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<li>A partir du 13\u00e8me si\u00e8cle, plusieurs \u00e9v\u00e9nements comme les invasions mongoles et les Croisades vont amorcer le d\u00e9clin de l\u2019Empire arabo-islamique. La science se poursuit cependant, et va circuler via les traductions vers le latin en Occident, et ainsi transmettre son h\u00e9ritage en th\u00e9orie et pratique m\u00e9dicale, par des ouvrages comme le Canon d\u2019Avicenne.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Le fil de l&rsquo;\u00e9mission<\/h2>\n<p>A retrouver sur le&nbsp;compte Twitter de La M\u00e9thode scientifique<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Abulcasis, grand ma\u00eetre de la chirurgie hispano-arabe m\u00e9di\u00e9vale&nbsp;(Medarus)<\/li>\n<li>M\u00e9decine grecque et m\u00e9decine arabe&nbsp;: transmission du savoir entre Orient et Occident par Mehrnaz Katouzian-Safadi&nbsp;(CNRS &#8211; 2010)<\/li>\n<li>A la d\u00e9couverte de l\u2019\u00e2ge d\u2019or des sciences arabes&nbsp;(DOSSIER &#8211; Universit\u00e9 Libre de Bruxelles)<\/li>\n<li>Les sciences arabes&nbsp;: un \u00e2ge d\u2019or qui rayonne encore&nbsp;(AgroBioSciences &#8211; 2008)<\/li>\n<li>L&rsquo;\u00e2ge d&rsquo;or de la m\u00e9decine arabe&nbsp;(L&rsquo;Histoire &#8211; 1985)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Les r\u00e9f\u00e9rences musicales<\/h2>\n<p>Le titre du jour&nbsp;: \u201cAndalusian suite for oud and orchestra: Granada\u201d par Marcel Khalife<\/p>\n<p>Le g\u00e9n\u00e9rique de d\u00e9but&nbsp;: \u00ab\u00a0Music to watch space girls by\u00a0\u00bb, par Leonard Nimoy<\/p>\n<p>Le g\u00e9n\u00e9rique de fin&nbsp;: \u00ab\u00a0Says\u00a0\u00bb par Nils Frahm<\/p>\n<p>INTERVENANTS<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p>Bruno Halioua<\/p>\n<p>Dermatologue, enseigne l\u2019histoire de la m\u00e9decine \u00e0 l\u2019universit\u00e9 Paris 4 (universit\u00e9 Paris Sorbonne)<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p>Danielle Jacquart<\/p>\n<p>Directeur d&rsquo;\u00e9tude \u00e9m\u00e9rite \u00e0 l\u2019EHESS<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>L&rsquo;\u00e2ge d&rsquo;or de la m\u00e9decine arabe &nbsp; En quoi la m\u00e9decine arabo-islamique a-t-elle marqu\u00e9 l\u2019histoire m\u00e9di\u00e9vale ? Comment expliquer l\u2019h\u00e9g\u00e9monie de l\u2019Empire Arabo-islamique : sa civilisation, ses savoir-faire ? Alors que l\u2019Occident traversait un long obscurantisme, comment cette science et cette m\u00e9decine en sont venues \u00e0 dominer le monde? C\u2019est peu dire que l\u2019histoire des&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":69488,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-69487","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>L&#039;\u00e2ge d&#039;or de la m\u00e9decine arabe | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L&#039;\u00e2ge d&#039;or de la m\u00e9decine arabe &nbsp; En quoi la m\u00e9decine arabo-islamique a-t-elle marqu\u00e9 l\u2019histoire m\u00e9di\u00e9vale ? 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