{"id":70301,"date":"2024-11-24T20:23:01","date_gmt":"2024-11-24T20:23:01","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2024-11-24T20:23:01","modified_gmt":"2024-11-24T20:23:01","slug":"un-second-mandat-de-trump-perspectives-et-defis-david-bensoussan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/un-second-mandat-de-trump-perspectives-et-defis-david-bensoussan\/","title":{"rendered":"Un second mandat de Trump : perspectives et d\u00e9fis – David Bensoussan"},"content":{"rendered":"

Un second mandat de Trump : perspectives et d\u00e9fis<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

David Bensoussan<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

L\u2019auteur est professeur de sciences \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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La victoire d\u00e9cisive du pr\u00e9sident Trump a surpris, d’autant plus que les sondages annon\u00e7aient une lutte serr\u00e9e avec la candidate d\u00e9mocrate Kamala Harris. Avec un \u00e9cart de 4 millions de voix dans le vote populaire, une majorit\u00e9 \u00e9crasante de 86 si\u00e8ges au S\u00e9nat, et le contr\u00f4le total du Congr\u00e8s, Trump domine d\u00e9sormais les branches ex\u00e9cutive, l\u00e9gislative et judiciaire. La Cour supr\u00eame, conservatrice gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 ses pr\u00e9c\u00e9dentes nominations, reste un atout majeur. Malgr\u00e9 deux tentatives d\u2019assassinat et de destitution, ainsi que de multiples accusations civiles, Trump entame son mandat avec un pouvoir sans pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent. Il dispose d’une marge de man\u0153uvre consid\u00e9rable.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Mesures \u00e9conomiques<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Les \u00c9tats-Unis font actuellement face \u00e0 des dettes annuelles colossales, avoisinant 1 billion de dollars. Pour y rem\u00e9dier, Trump souhaite ralentir la mondialisation. Ces derni\u00e8res d\u00e9cennies, des milliers d\u2019usines ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9localis\u00e9es vers l\u2019Asie, principalement en Chine. Alors qu’en 1945, la production industrielle am\u00e9ricaine repr\u00e9sentait 50 % de la production mondiale, elle n\u2019en repr\u00e9sente plus que 15 % aujourd\u2019hui.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sous la banni\u00e8re de \u00ab\u00a0America First\u00a0\u00bb, Trump envisage des taxes d\u2019importation massives, avec une imposition de 60 % sur les produits chinois et de 20 % sur ceux en provenance d\u2019Europe. Le but recherch\u00e9 est d\u2019augmenter la production manufacturi\u00e8re aux \u00c9tats-Unis m\u00eame. Une r\u00e9duction radicale des services gouvernementaux, supervis\u00e9e par Elon Musk et Vivek Ramaswamy, est \u00e9galement pr\u00e9vue en vue de faire des \u00e9conomies substantielles.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sur le plan environnemental, Trump continue de s\u2019\u00e9carter des engagements internationaux : les \u00c9tats-Unis restent hors de l’accord de Paris sur le climat et envisagent d’augmenter la production p\u00e9troli\u00e8re de 13,5 \u00e0 15 milliards de barils.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Politique int\u00e9rieure<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

L’administration Trump pr\u00e9voit un durcissement des mesures contre l’immigration ill\u00e9gale, ciblant sp\u00e9cifiquement les criminels et \u00e9meutiers sans nationalit\u00e9 am\u00e9ricaine.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

La campagne \u00e9lectorale am\u00e9ricaine a \u00e9t\u00e9 marqu\u00e9e par des attaques verbales des deux c\u00f4t\u00e9s, au d\u00e9triment de propositions socio-\u00e9conomiques concr\u00e8tes. Les partisans du \u00ab\u00a0progressisme\u00a0\u00bb et du \u00ab\u00a0wokisme\u00a0\u00bb universitaires feront face \u00e0 une opposition f\u00e9roce : Trump a promis de d\u00e9ployer tous les moyens pour contrer ces mouvements.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Politique ext\u00e9rieure<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Sous la pr\u00e9sidence d\u2019Obama, la dissuasion am\u00e9ricaine a recul\u00e9. La Russie a annex\u00e9 des territoires en G\u00e9orgie et en Ukraine, tout en \u00e9tablissant une base militaire permanente en Syrie. Trump, lui, s\u2019engage \u00e0 red\u00e9finir les alliances, revenant \u00e0 une doctrine claire : soutenir les pays alli\u00e9s et s’opposer aux ennemis.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le budget militaire des alli\u00e9s am\u00e9ricains sera augment\u00e9. Des pays comme le Japon, la Cor\u00e9e, Ta\u00efwan et les pays membres de l\u2019OTAN devront consacrer 2 % de leur PNB \u00e0 la d\u00e9fense, en investissant notamment dans les avions furtifs F-35. Trump demande \u00e9galement aux alli\u00e9s de financer la pr\u00e9sence des arm\u00e9es am\u00e9ricaines sur leur territoire. Son plan d\u2019action pourrait revitaliser les arm\u00e9es des pays alli\u00e9s et amoindrir le danger militaire russe ou chinois.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

En ce qui concerne l’Ukraine, la position de Trump reste incertaine. Sa priorit\u00e9 sera d’affaiblir l’alliance Russie-Chine, m\u00eame si cela impliquerait de de forcer un accord entre la Russie et l’Ukraine, potentiellement aux d\u00e9pens de Kiev. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Dans le Pacifique, Trump va chercher \u00e0 contenir la Chine tout en cherchant des terrains d\u2019entente sur le plan \u00e9conomique et un modus vivendi sur le statut de Taiwan. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Quelle que soit l\u2019administration am\u00e9ricaine en place, Isra\u00ebl demeure le seul alli\u00e9 fiable dans l\u2019ensemble des pays du Moyen-Orient. Le futur secr\u00e9taire d’\u00c9tat<\/span><\/span> Marco Rubio va s\u2019\u00e9loigner des politiques d\u00e9mocrates qui ont cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 contenir l\u2019Iran, brider Isra\u00ebl et \u0153uvrer pour une solution \u00e0 deux \u00e9tats. Il d\u00e9fend les mesures prises par Isra\u00ebl pour lutter contre le terrorisme palestinien et se propose d\u2019exercer des pressions maximales sur l\u2019Iran. <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Revirement strat\u00e9gique<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Des figures telles que Matt Gaetz, accus\u00e9 de d\u00e9lit sexuel, Tulsi Gabbard, proche de la Russie et de la Syrie, ou encore Pete Hegseth, animateur de Fox News sans exp\u00e9rience militaire suffisante, respectivement pressentis pour des hauts postes dans la justice, le renseignement et la d\u00e9fense font sourciller les observateurs. Ces nominations devront toutefois \u00eatre approuv\u00e9es par le S\u00e9nat.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Les positions de Trump refl\u00e8tent une volont\u00e9 de rupture strat\u00e9gique. Avec une impr\u00e9visibilit\u00e9 qui est \u00e0 la fois sa force et sa faiblesse, Trump s’oriente vers un r\u00e9tablissement de l’h\u00e9g\u00e9monie am\u00e9ricaine sur des bases claires. Contrairement \u00e0 l\u2019administration Biden, il ne tergiversera pas sur les grandes questions de l’heure.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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A Second Trump Term: Perspectives and Challenges<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

David Bensoussan<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The author is a professor of science at the Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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The decisive victory of President Trump was surprising, especially as polls predicted a close race against Democratic candidate Kamala Harris. With a 4-million-vote lead in the popular vote, an overwhelming Senate majority of 86 seats, and full control of Congress, Trump now dominates the executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The Supreme Court, leaning conservative due to his prior appointments, remains a significant asset. Despite two assassination attempts, impeachment efforts, and numerous civil accusations, Trump begins his term with unprecedented power, allowing him considerable latitude.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Economic Measures<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

The United States is grappling with massive annual debts, approaching $1 trillion. To address this, Trump aims to curb globalization. Over recent decades, thousands of factories have relocated to Asia, primarily China. While in 1945, U.S. industrial production accounted for 50% of global output, it now represents just 15%.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Under the banner of \u00ab\u00a0America First,\u00a0\u00bb Trump plans massive import tariffs\u201460% on Chinese goods and 20% on European products. The goal is to boost domestic manufacturing. Additionally, a drastic reduction in government services, overseen by Elon Musk and Vivek Ramaswamy, is expected to yield substantial savings.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

On environmental policy, Trump continues to distance the U.S. from international commitments: the country remains outside the Paris Climate Accord and intends to increase oil production from 13.5 to 15 billion barrels.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Domestic Policy<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

The Trump administration plans stricter measures against illegal immigration, specifically targeting criminals and rioters without U.S. citizenship.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The U.S. election campaign was marked by verbal attacks on both sides, overshadowing substantive socio-economic proposals. Progressivism and \u00ab\u00a0woke\u00a0\u00bb university movements face fierce opposition: Trump has vowed to use all means to counter these ideologies.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Foreign Policy<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

During Obama\u2019s presidency, American deterrence waned. Russia annexed territories in Georgia and Ukraine and established a permanent military base in Syria. Trump pledges to redefine alliances with a clear doctrine: support allied nations and oppose adversaries.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The military budgets of American allies will increase. Countries such as Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, and NATO members must allocate 2% of their GDP to defense, investing particularly in F-35 stealth aircraft. Additionally, Trump demands allies fund the presence of U.S. troops on their soil. This strategy could revitalize allied militaries and mitigate threats from Russia or China.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Regarding Ukraine, Trump\u2019s position remains uncertain. His priority will likely be weakening the Russia-China alliance, potentially forcing a settlement between Russia and Ukraine, even at Kiev\u2019s expense.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

In the Pacific, Trump seeks to contain China while exploring economic cooperation and a modus vivendi regarding Taiwan’s status.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Irrespective of the administration in power, Israel remains the U.S.\u2019s only reliable ally in the Middle East. Incoming Secretary of State Marco Rubio plans to distance himself from Democratic policies aimed at containing Iran, restraining Israel, and pursuing a two-state solution. Rubio supports Israel\u2019s measures against Palestinian terrorism and advocates for maximum pressure on Iran.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Strategic Shift<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/span><\/p>\n

Proposed appointments like Matt Gaetz (facing allegations of sexual nature), Tulsi Gabbard (perceived as sympathetic to Russia and Syria), and Pete Hegseth (a Fox News host with limited military experience) for high-ranking positions in justice, intelligence, and defense, respectively, have raised eyebrows among observers. These nominations will require Senate approval.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Trump\u2019s positions reflect a desire for strategic disruption. His unpredictability, both a strength and a weakness, signals a move to reestablish American hegemony with clear priorities. Unlike the Biden administration, he is unlikely to waver on critical issues.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Un second mandat de Trump : perspectives et d\u00e9fis David Bensoussan L\u2019auteur est professeur de sciences \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec       La victoire d\u00e9cisive du pr\u00e9sident Trump a surpris, d’autant plus que les sondages annon\u00e7aient une lutte serr\u00e9e avec la candidate d\u00e9mocrate Kamala Harris. Avec un \u00e9cart de 4 millions de voix dans… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":70302,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-70301","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nUn second mandat de Trump : perspectives et d\u00e9fis - David Bensoussan | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Un second mandat de Trump : perspectives et d\u00e9fis David Bensoussan L\u2019auteur est professeur de sciences \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec       La\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/un-second-mandat-de-trump-perspectives-et-defis-david-bensoussan\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un second mandat de Trump : perspectives et d\u00e9fis - 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