{"id":71179,"date":"2025-08-24T19:38:19","date_gmt":"2025-08-24T19:38:19","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-08-24T19:38:19","modified_gmt":"2025-08-24T19:38:19","slug":"le-genial-charles-nicolle","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/le-genial-charles-nicolle\/","title":{"rendered":"Le genial Charles Nicolle"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"_5pbx userContent _3576\" data-ft=\"{&quot;tn&quot;:&quot;K&quot;}\" data-testid=\"post_message\" id=\"js_6\">\n<div class=\"_4-u2 mts _2-82 _4-u8\">\n<p>Le genial Charles Nicolle<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Charles Nicolle, directeur de l\u2019Institut Pasteur de Tunis, professeur au Coll\u00e8ge de France, prix Nobel de m\u00e9decine pour avoir vaincu le thyphus. Ses cendres reposent \u00e0 Tunis<\/p>\n<div class=\"mts\">\n<div class=\"mtm _5pcm\">\n<div class=\"mtm _5pco _2zpv\" data-ft=\"{&quot;tn&quot;:&quot;K&quot;}\" data-testid=\"post_message\">\n<div>\n<p>Les Tunisiens ne comm\u00e9morent jamais l\u2019anniversaire de la mort de Charles Nicolle, et pourtant c\u2019est un des personnages les plus illustres qu\u2019ait connus la Tunisie. Pour la plupart des Tunisiens, \u00ab Char Nicoles \u00bb est le nom d\u2019un \u00e9tablissement de sant\u00e9 publique qui se trouve au c\u0153ur de Tunis, o\u00f9 des gens souffrants poireautent pendant des heures et des heures avant de se faire consulter \u00e0 la va-vite par un m\u00e9decin \u00e0 bout de forces et d\u00e9crocher un rendez-vous pour l\u2019ann\u00e9e d\u2019apr\u00e8s. C\u2019est aussi, pour eux, le nom de l\u2019avenue qui relie le stade olympique d\u2019El Menzah au bar Le Shilling. Et, pour ne rien arranger, son nom est toujours mal orthographi\u00e9 : \u00ab Charles Nicoles \u00bb peut-on lire sur certaines plaques.<\/p>\n<p>Charles Nicolle arrive en Tunisie en 1903, apr\u00e8s de brillantes \u00e9tudes de m\u00e9decine \u00e0 Paris et quelques ann\u00e9es d&rsquo;enseignement \u00e0 Rouen. Ses \u00e9tudes sur la leishmaniose canine sont consid\u00e9r\u00e9es comme ses premi\u00e8res conqu\u00eates scientifiques. La lutte qu\u2019il m\u00e8ne contre le typhus, lequel faisait rage en Tunisie, lui ouvre les portes de la gloire. En effet, l\u2019attribution du Prix Nobel de m\u00e9decine pour avoir vaincu le typhus le fait entrer au Panth\u00e9on des immortels. Peu avant sa mort, la vaccination contre le typhus couronne ses efforts.<\/p>\n<p>Charles Nicolle d\u00e9couvre \u00e9galement que le pou v\u00e9hicule la fi\u00e8vre r\u00e9currente et illumine de son don intuitif les diagnostics des m\u00e9decins : peste, chol\u00e9ra, l\u00e8pre, rougeole, coqueluche, oreillons, fi\u00e8vre m\u00e9diterran\u00e9enne, mycose, trachome\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Charles Nicolle laisse derri\u00e8re lui une \u0153uvre imposante r\u00e9dig\u00e9 dans un style de la plus grande clart\u00e9. Sa plume est \u00e9l\u00e9gante et porte la marque de son admiration pour Pierre Corneille. Outre son g\u00e9nie m\u00e9dical, Charles Nicolle \u00e9tait f\u00e9ru de philosophie et aimait les belles lettres au point de revoir et corriger, de la fa\u00e7on la plus affable, les rapports de ses collaborateurs. Les archives de l\u2019Institut Pasteur de Tunis qu\u2019il a fond\u00e9 en 1906 ont \u00e9t\u00e9 l\u2019objet de son attention la plus m\u00e9ticuleuse.<\/p>\n<p>Combl\u00e9 d\u2019honneurs de son vivant, Charles Nicolle ne r\u00e9clamait qu\u2019un seul titre, celui qui, selon sa volont\u00e9, a \u00e9t\u00e9 grav\u00e9 sur la dalle fun\u00e9raire : \u00ab Directeur de l\u2019Institut Pasteur. \u00bb L\u2019Institut Pasteur \u00e9tait toute sa vie. Ennemi des titres honorifiques et des hochets de la gloire, Charles Nicolle a, en 1922, d\u00e9sir\u00e9 et obtenu une Chaire de m\u00e9decine au Coll\u00e8ge de France, mais c\u2019\u00e9tait pour continuer Pasteur et former les jeunes \u00e0 la recherche exp\u00e9rimentale.<\/p>\n<p>Au d\u00e9but de l\u2019ann\u00e9e 1934, le mal l\u2019a frapp\u00e9 et a failli l\u2019emporter. Il a surv\u00e9cu \u00e0 cette maladie, mais elle ne l\u2019a plus quitt\u00e9. Charles Nicolle se doutait qu\u2019il n\u2019en avait plus pour tr\u00e8s longtemps : \u00ab Je suis mort une premi\u00e8re fois, maintenant je suis en survie \u00bb disait-il. Pendant deux ans, il a attendu sereinement sa derni\u00e8re minute, en r\u00e9digeant ses derniers cours du Coll\u00e8ge de France, en mettant de l\u2019ordre dans ses souvenirs et en l\u00e9guant son h\u00e9ritage scientifique et litt\u00e9raire au mus\u00e9e du Bardo, au mus\u00e9e de Rouen, \u00e0 la Biblioth\u00e8que de Souk El Attarine, jusqu\u2019\u00e0 ce vendredi 28 f\u00e9vrier 1936.<\/p>\n<p>Charles Nicolle s\u2019est \u00e9teint le 28 f\u00e9vrier 1936 \u00e0 l\u2019\u00e2ge de soixante-dix ans. Le Ma\u00eetre, car ses coll\u00e8gues et disciples le nommaient du nom de \u00ab Ma\u00eetre \u00bb avec beaucoup de v\u00e9n\u00e9ration et d\u2019affection, aimait profond\u00e9ment la Tunisie et lui a consacr\u00e9 la plupart de ses travaux. Il s\u2019est d\u00e9vou\u00e9 toute sa vie au service de la Science et de l\u2019Homme. Toute sa vie et toute son \u0153uvre ont \u00e9t\u00e9 faites de labeur inlassable, de recherches difficiles et de d\u00e9couvertes retentissantes.<\/p>\n<p>La longue silhouette fine du Ma\u00eetre hante toujours les murs de l\u2019Institut Pasteur de Tunis. En effet, Charles Nicolle repose aujourd\u2019hui \u00e0 la place qu\u2019il avait lui-m\u00eame choisie, dans le couloir d\u2019entr\u00e9e de l\u2019Institut Pasteur de Tunis : \u00ab Je veux que mes cendres, m\u00eal\u00e9es au sol africain, perp\u00e9tuent l\u2019\u0153uvre de mes jours. \u00bb (Charles Nicolle)<\/p>\n<p>Le c\u00e9l\u00e8bre \u00e9crivain Georges Duhamel, un auteur dont les citations sont souvent reprises par les dictionnaires (cf. Le Petit Robert) a mis \u00e0 profit son g\u00e9nie pour d\u00e9peindre par ces mots magnifiques le savant, l\u2019\u00e9crivain et le philosophe que fut Charles Nicolle :<\/p>\n<p>\u00ab A ceux qui d\u00e9sesp\u00e8rent de rencontrer, dans l\u2019infinie multitude humaine, un ma\u00eetre qui soit le plus cordial des compagnons, un grand esprit qui soit en m\u00eame temps un grand c\u0153ur, un savant dou\u00e9 comme un po\u00e8te, un po\u00e8te modeste comme un vrai sage, un sage non touch\u00e9 de misanthropie, bref une \u00e2me d\u2019\u00e9lite, rayonnante, g\u00e9n\u00e9reuse, libre, \u00e0 tous ceux-l\u00e0 je voudrais faire conna\u00eetre Charles Nicolle. \u00bb (Georges Duhamel)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le genial Charles Nicolle &nbsp; Charles Nicolle, directeur de l\u2019Institut Pasteur de Tunis, professeur au Coll\u00e8ge de France, prix Nobel de m\u00e9decine pour avoir vaincu le thyphus. Ses cendres reposent \u00e0 Tunis Les Tunisiens ne comm\u00e9morent jamais l\u2019anniversaire de la mort de Charles Nicolle, et pourtant c\u2019est un des personnages les plus illustres qu\u2019ait connus&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71180,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71179","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le genial Charles Nicolle | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le genial Charles Nicolle &nbsp; 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