{"id":71425,"date":"2025-11-23T18:57:06","date_gmt":"2025-11-23T18:57:06","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-11-23T18:57:06","modified_gmt":"2025-11-23T18:57:06","slug":"arbre-dalignement-rare-a-tunis-hector-bismuth-gisele-dakhlia-et-imed-essetti","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/arbre-dalignement-rare-a-tunis-hector-bismuth-gisele-dakhlia-et-imed-essetti\/","title":{"rendered":"Arbre d\u2019alignement rare \u00e0 Tunis – Hector Bismuth, Gis\u00e8le Dakhlia et Imed Essetti"},"content":{"rendered":"

Koelreuteria paniculata – Arbre d\u2019alignement rare \u00e0 Tunis<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Hector Bismuth (a), Gis\u00e8le Dakhlia (b) et Imed Essetti (c)<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Remarque initiale<\/span><\/span><\/b> : Nous compl\u00e9tons ici, et modifions l\u00e9g\u00e8rement, un texte d\u00e9j\u00e0 paru dans les chroniques Webdo de M. Hatem Bourial en date du 19 f\u00e9vrier 2025 : https:\/\/www.webdo.tn\/fr\/actualite\/chroniques\/arbres-a-lanternes-les-savonniers-exotiques-des-rues-de-tunis\/219932\/<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

G\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9s<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

Koelreuteria paniculata<\/span><\/span><\/i> Laxm, 1772 appartient \u00e0 la famille des Sapindaceae; il est originaire de l\u2019extr\u00eame orient, de Chine tout particuli\u00e8rement. Il a \u00e9t\u00e9 introduit \u00e0 Tunis tr\u00e8s vraisemblablement dans la premi\u00e8re moiti\u00e9 du 20 \u00e8me si\u00e8cle, mais sa pr\u00e9sence, tr\u00e8s modeste il est vrai, est pratiquement demeur\u00e9e inaper\u00e7ue.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Le m\u00e9rite revient \u00e0 Rhaiem (1996)* d\u2019avoir mentionn\u00e9, (sans doute pour la premi\u00e8re fois en Tunisie ) Koelreuteria paniculata<\/i> dans un article incitant la population \u00e0 consid\u00e9rer et \u00e0 admirer les arbres ornementaux, ou d\u2019alignement, de Tunis. . Elle signale sa pr\u00e9sence rue Mohamed El Malqi, \u00e0 El Omrane.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Nous ne nous \u00e9tendrons pas sur les caract\u00e8res botaniques, de cette esp\u00e8ce. De nombreux livres sur la flore tropicale d\u00e9crivent Koelreuteria paniculata<\/i> et l\u2019illustrent abondamment. Il en va de m\u00eame des m\u00e9dias tels que Google ou Wikip\u00e9dia que nous ne nous sommes pas priv\u00e9s de consulter. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Faute de photos probantes, il n\u2019en a pas \u00e9t\u00e9 fait mention dans le blog g\u00e9r\u00e9 par deux d\u2019entre nous (a) et (b): <\/span><\/span>http:\/\/hgtunisieflore.over-blog.com\/<\/span><\/span><\/a>  initi\u00e9 dans les ann\u00e9es 90.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Koelreuteria paniculata<\/span><\/span><\/i> est \u00e9galement d\u00e9nomm\u00e9 \u201csavonnier\u201d car son \u00e9corce et ses fruits contiennent une substance, la saponine, qui permet son utilisation comme savon naturel.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Il poss\u00e8de un feuillage caduc. Ses longues feuilles sont penn\u00e9es, voire bipenn\u00e9es.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ce qui fait particuli\u00e8rement sa singularit\u00e9 c\u2019est qu\u2019au moment de la fructification, se d\u00e9veloppent des capsules color\u00e9es, de 5 cm environ de longueur, de section triangulaire, ayant l\u2019allure de lanternes. D\u2019o\u00f9 le nom d\u2019arbre \u00e0 lanternes par lequel il est tr\u00e8s couramment d\u00e9sign\u00e9.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/w:wrap><\/o:wrapblock>
\n

\nFruits en lanternes du Koelreuteria<\/i> (images reprises de Wikip\u00e9dia)<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

D\u00e8s les ann\u00e9es 90, les auteurs du blog mentionn\u00e9 ci-dessus ont identifi\u00e9 de nombreux Koelreuteria paniculata<\/i> comme arbres d\u2019alignement dans la rue Ahmed Chawqi. Cette rue arbor\u00e9e sort du parc du Belv\u00e9d\u00e8re et m\u00e8ne au faubourg d\u2019El Omrane. L\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9gance des feuilles penn\u00e9es, longues de 40 cm environ, les petites fleurs regroup\u00e9es dans de longs panicules jaunes les ont mis sur la voie de l\u2019identification de Koelreuteria paniculata<\/i>. Mais, force est de reconna\u00eetre que ces fameuses lanternes, phase finale de la fructification,  n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 observ\u00e9es. Cette absence laissait planer un doute.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Ainsi est n\u00e9 en 2024 le projet de revenir attentivement sur cette esp\u00e8ce d\u2019arbre exotique et, pour cela, de photographier r\u00e9guli\u00e8rement ces arbres d\u2019alignement depuis d\u00e9but janvier jusqu\u2019\u00e0 la fin septembre, de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 suivre leur cycle annuel. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Tout r\u00e9cemment nous avons \u00e9t\u00e9 tr\u00e8s surpris de retrouver des Koelreuteria paniculata<\/i> en plein centre du quartier dit europ\u00e9en de Tunis. En fait, six arbres de cette esp\u00e8ce, en deux rangs parall\u00e8les, embellissent la vaste cour de l\u2019Institut Fran\u00e7ais de Tunisie (IFT). Il y a de cela plusieurs d\u00e9cennies ils existaient d\u00e9j\u00e0 sans doute dans la cour du petit Lyc\u00e9e Carnot. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Depuis peu, notre ami Mehdi Tanoubi nous a inform\u00e9 avoir rep\u00e9r\u00e9 cet arbre exotique, \u00e0 proximit\u00e9 de l\u2019h\u00f4pital militaire de Tunis. Il constitue un bel alignement tout le long des trottoirs de la rue Bab el Fellah. Quelques photos, tr\u00e8s convaincantes, y ont \u00e9t\u00e9 prises (voir les illustrations ci-dessous).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Il se pourrait que le quartier de Montfleury r\u00e9serve de semblables d\u00e9couvertes.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"ko\"<\/td>\n\"ko2\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

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Illustrations<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

\"KO3\"<\/w:wrap><\/w:wrap><\/o:wrapblock>
\nVue g\u00e9n\u00e9rale de l\u2019avenue d\u2019El Omrane avec ses Koelreuteria<\/span><\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

\u200b<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"Ko4\"<\/td>\n\"ko5\"<\/td>\n\n\t\t\t\"KO3B\" \u200b<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

\n\"KO5\"<\/p>\n

Vue rapproch\u00e9e des longues feuilles et de leur multiples<\/span><\/span><\/b> folioles<\/b>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"ko8\"<\/td>\n\"ko9\"<\/td>\n\"ko10\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

D\u00e9but de jaunissement des feuilles<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"ko11\"<\/td>\n\"ko12\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Caducit\u00e9 : feuilles jaunes sur l\u2019arbre et au sol, branches nues, quelques \u00eelots de verdure subsistent parfois<\/span><\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"KO15\"<\/td>\n\"ko13\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Arbres de la cour de l\u2019IFT<\/span><\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"ko14\"<\/td>\n\"ko21\"<\/td>\n\"ko25\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Floraison ; photos des longs panicules floraux et vues de pr\u00e8s des minuscules fleurs jaunes, tapis jaunes autour des arbres.<\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n

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<\/w:wrap><\/o:wrapblock><\/p>\n\n\n\n
\"ko17\"<\/td>\n\"ko18\"<\/td>\n\"ko19\"<\/td>\n\"ko21\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Fructification incompl\u00e8te, interrompue, n\u2019aboutissant pas ; rares capsules d\u20191 cm, \u00e0 section triangulaire; graines sph\u00e9riques visibles par transparence. Tr\u00e8s vraisemblablement amorces de lanternes ; ces derni\u00e8res ne nous sont pas apparues<\/span><\/span><\/b>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n\t\t\t\"ko22\"<\/td>\n\"ko23\"<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Arbres de la rue Bab el Fellah.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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Conclusion<\/span><\/div>\n
Tr\u00e8s rarement signal\u00e9 auparavant, l\u2019arbre exotique <\/span><\/a>Koelreuteria<\/span> <\/span>paniculata<\/span> <\/span>est pr\u00e9sent de fa\u00e7on tr\u00e8s modeste \u00e0 Tunis, nous l\u2019avons observ\u00e9 en <\/span>trois<\/span> endroits distincts. Il ne nous a pas montr\u00e9 les fameuses lanternes qui le caract\u00e9risent mais seulement quelques jeunes amorces de ces fruits. <\/span>P<\/span>our expliquer cette absence<\/span>,<\/span> nous pensons qu\u2019il faut incriminer les conditions climatiques : d\u00e9ficit hydrique, chaleur excessive.<\/span><\/div>\n
Est-il possible que les <\/span>Koelreuteria<\/span> <\/span>paniculata<\/span> <\/span>existent ailleurs <\/span>\u00e0<\/span> Tunis comme arbre<\/span>s<\/span> d\u2019ornement dans des jardins publics ou priv\u00e9s, ou bien dans <\/span>quelque<\/span> autre ville, align\u00e9s pour embellir les trottoirs <\/span>d\u2019avenues ?<\/span> Nous ne le savons pas mais les observations du public pourraient apporter des pr\u00e9cisions sur ce point.<\/span><\/div>\n
Tunis s\u2019agrandit, des quartiers nouveaux apparaissent dans ses 4 gouvernorats. L\u2019\u00e9l\u00e9gance et la beaut\u00e9 de <\/span>Koelreuteria<\/span> <\/span>paniculata<\/span> devrai<\/span>ent<\/span> inciter la Municipalit\u00e9 de Tunis \u00e0 en planter davan<\/span><\/a>tage.<\/span><\/div>\n
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Remerciements :<\/span><\/div>\n
Ce travail a b\u00e9n\u00e9fici\u00e9 de l\u2019aimable soutien (photographies, transport<\/span>, mise en forme<\/span>) de Mme Jocelyne <\/span>Dakhlia<\/span> <\/span>et de MM. <\/span>Adnen<\/span> <\/span>Bourehla<\/span>,<\/span> <\/span>Nader <\/span>Chedly<\/span>, Mehdi <\/span>Tanoubi<\/span> et Mohamed Ali <\/span>Telmoudi<\/span>. Qu\u2019ils en soient ici vivement remerci\u00e9s.<\/span><\/div>\n
 <\/div>\n
\n

(a) <\/span><\/span>hectorbismuth8@gmail.com<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

(b) <\/span><\/span>gisele.dakhlia@gmail.com<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

(c) <\/span><\/span>essetti.imed@gmail.com<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

*Rhaiem  <\/span><\/span>N. (1996) : Levez la t\u00eate, ils vous parlent. La presse<\/i>, Tunis, journal du 10 nov. 1996, p.3.<\/span><\/span><\/div>\n

 <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Koelreuteria paniculata – Arbre d\u2019alignement rare \u00e0 Tunis   Hector Bismuth (a), Gis\u00e8le Dakhlia (b) et Imed Essetti (c)     Remarque initiale : Nous compl\u00e9tons ici, et modifions l\u00e9g\u00e8rement, un texte d\u00e9j\u00e0 paru dans les chroniques Webdo de M. Hatem Bourial en date du 19 f\u00e9vrier 2025 : https:\/\/www.webdo.tn\/fr\/actualite\/chroniques\/arbres-a-lanternes-les-savonniers-exotiques-des-rues-de-tunis\/219932\/ G\u00e9n\u00e9ralit\u00e9s Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm, 1772… <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71426,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71425","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"\nArbre d\u2019alignement rare \u00e0 Tunis - Hector Bismuth, Gis\u00e8le Dakhlia et Imed Essetti | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Koelreuteria paniculata - 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