{"id":71433,"date":"2025-11-23T22:00:04","date_gmt":"2025-11-23T22:00:04","guid":{"rendered":""},"modified":"2025-11-23T22:00:04","modified_gmt":"2025-11-23T22:00:04","slug":"le-7-octobre-et-les-failles-dun-equilibre-illusoire-david-bensoussan","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/le-7-octobre-et-les-failles-dun-equilibre-illusoire-david-bensoussan\/","title":{"rendered":"Le 7 octobre et les failles d\u2019un \u00e9quilibre illusoire &#8211; David Bensoussan"},"content":{"rendered":"<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><b><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Le 7 octobre et les failles d\u2019un \u00e9quilibre illusoire<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">David Bensoussan<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\" style=\"text-align:center\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><i><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:115%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">L\u2019auteur est professeur de sciences \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/i><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Le 7 octobre 2023 restera comme un moment de rupture profonde dans l\u2019histoire contemporaine d\u2019Isra\u00ebl et du Moyen-Orient. L\u2019attaque meurtri\u00e8re du Hamas n\u2019a pas seulement fauch\u00e9 des vies : elle a raviv\u00e9, au sein de la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 isra\u00e9lienne, une m\u00e9moire collective marqu\u00e9e par des si\u00e8cles de pers\u00e9cutions et de vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9. Depuis des d\u00e9cennies, un fragile \u00e9quilibre pr\u00e9valait : tol\u00e9rer des \u00e9pisodes de violence cyclique pour \u00e9viter une confrontation majeure dans la bande de Gaza, l\u2019un des territoires les plus dens\u00e9ment habit\u00e9s au monde.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Cet \u00e9quilibre s\u2019est r\u00e9v\u00e9l\u00e9 illusoire. Les sommes consid\u00e9rables investies \u00e0 Gaza n\u2019ont pas donn\u00e9 naissance aux infrastructures ou aux industries civiles que beaucoup esp\u00e9raient. Elles ont plut\u00f4t aliment\u00e9 la construction de tunnels fortifi\u00e9s, d\u2019arsenaux et d\u2019un appareil id\u00e9ologique hostile. Pour Isra\u00ebl, cette prise de conscience a \u00e9t\u00e9 brutale.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><b><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Une riposte sous tensions morales et strat\u00e9giques<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Trois semaines apr\u00e8s les attaques, Isra\u00ebl a lanc\u00e9 une op\u00e9ration militaire de grande ampleur visant \u00e0 lib\u00e9rer les otages et \u00e0 d\u00e9manteler les capacit\u00e9s du Hamas. Les combats en milieu urbain, particuli\u00e8rement dans un territoire aussi dens\u00e9ment peupl\u00e9, ont entra\u00een\u00e9 des pertes civiles, in\u00e9vitables mais profond\u00e9ment tragiques.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Tsahal a aussi \u00e9t\u00e9 confront\u00e9e \u00e0 un ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne difficile \u00e0 appr\u00e9hender : une population dont une partie, selon les autorit\u00e9s isra\u00e9liennes, aurait \u00e9t\u00e9 endoctrin\u00e9e \u00e0 glorifier le martyr. Le Hamas, de son c\u00f4t\u00e9, est accus\u00e9 d\u2019avoir emp\u00each\u00e9 les civils d\u2019acc\u00e9der aux infrastructures souterraines con\u00e7ues pour prot\u00e9ger exclusivement ses combattants, esp\u00e9rant tirer profit d\u2019une guerre de perceptions autant que d\u2019une guerre de positions.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><b><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Une r\u00e9gion reconfigur\u00e9e<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">La crise ne s\u2019est pas limit\u00e9e \u00e0 Gaza. Au nord, le Hezbollah \u2014 fort de son arsenal estim\u00e9 \u00e0 150 000 missiles \u2014 a intensifi\u00e9 ses tirs, for\u00e7ant l\u2019\u00e9vacuation de vastes zones isra\u00e9liennes. La riposte, cibl\u00e9e contre des cadres de la milice libanaise, a marqu\u00e9 un tournant.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">En Syrie, l\u2019arriv\u00e9e au pouvoir d\u2019un gouvernement domin\u00e9 par un ancien djihadiste et les attaques contre des minorit\u00e9s vuln\u00e9rables ont pouss\u00e9 Isra\u00ebl \u00e0 s\u2019impliquer plus directement. Le pays a soutenu les communaut\u00e9s druzes du sud-est et cherch\u00e9 \u00e0 emp\u00eacher la formation d\u2019un nouveau foyer de groupes arm\u00e9s \u00e0 sa fronti\u00e8re, tout en surveillant de pr\u00e8s les ambitions turques dans la r\u00e9gion.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><b><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">L\u2019ombre port\u00e9e de T\u00e9h\u00e9ran<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">L\u2019Iran, qui depuis 1979 fait de l\u2019hostilit\u00e9 envers Isra\u00ebl un \u00e9l\u00e9ment central de sa rh\u00e9torique politique, est rest\u00e9 au c\u0153ur du jeu. Plusieurs installations nucl\u00e9aires ont \u00e9t\u00e9 vis\u00e9es, tout comme des positions des Gardiens de la R\u00e9volution. Les \u00c9tats-Unis ont jou\u00e9 un r\u00f4le cl\u00e9 en d\u00e9ployant des moyens militaires capables de frapper les sites souterrains. L\u2019ensemble de ces actions a sensiblement r\u00e9duit \u2014 du moins pour un temps \u2014 les capacit\u00e9s r\u00e9gionales de T\u00e9h\u00e9ran.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><b><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Un nouvel ordre incertain<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/b><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Cette s\u00e9quence a laiss\u00e9 dans son sillage un m\u00e9lange de soulagement tant en Isra\u00ebl que dans les \u00c9tats du Golfe. Isra\u00ebl souhaite emp\u00eacher que des conditions semblables \u00e0 celles qui ont conduit au 7 octobre se reproduisent. Au Liban comme en Syrie, la volont\u00e9 isra\u00e9lienne d\u2019\u00e9tablir des zones tampons refl\u00e8te cette d\u00e9termination.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Le d\u00e9sarmement du Hamas, inscrit dans les arrangements entourant le cessez-le-feu soutenu par Washington, n\u2019est toutefois pas encore une r\u00e9alit\u00e9. La tr\u00eave demeure pr\u00e9caire, et les espoirs de stabilisation demeurent fragiles.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Sur le plan diplomatique, la Ligue arabe et le Conseil de s\u00e9curit\u00e9 de l\u2019ONU ont finalement adopt\u00e9 le plan en vingt points propos\u00e9 par Donald Trump, signe d\u2019un r\u00e9alignement r\u00e9gional significatif o\u00f9 Isra\u00ebl appara\u00eet plus s\u00fbr de lui que par le pass\u00e9. Mais cette recomposition n\u2019efface en rien la persistance des tensions. Ainsi, lorsque le Hamas a revendiqu\u00e9 depuis le Qatar le meurtre de deux civils isra\u00e9liens \u00e0 J\u00e9rusalem, Isra\u00ebl a r\u00e9pliqu\u00e9 le jour m\u00eame en frappant des installations li\u00e9es au mouvement \u00e0 Doha \u2014 un rappel de la rapidit\u00e9 avec laquelle un seul incident peut aujourd\u2019hui pr\u00e9cipiter une escalade.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">L\u2019administration Trump, pour sa part, s\u2019emploie \u00e0 resserrer les liens entre Isra\u00ebl et les monarchies du Golfe, tout en invitant d\u2019autres pays \u00e0 rejoindre les accords d\u2019Abraham. Cette strat\u00e9gie vise aussi \u00e0 contenir l\u2019influence de la Chine, dont l\u2019\u00e9conomie demeure fortement tributaire des approvisionnements \u00e9nerg\u00e9tiques du Moyen-Orient.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\"><span lang=\"FR-CA\" style=\"font-size:14.0pt\"><span style=\"line-height:107%\"><span style=\"font-family:&quot;Book Antiqua&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;\">Reste que la s\u00e9curit\u00e9 durable de la r\u00e9gion d\u00e9pendra d\u2019enjeux plus profonds : la gouvernance de Gaza, la pr\u00e9vention d\u2019un retour de groupes arm\u00e9s et, surtout, la lutte contre un enseignement de la haine qui continue d\u2019alimenter la radicalisation. Tant que ces facteurs resteront pr\u00e9sents, la paix demeurera fragile. Le 7 octobre en a rappel\u00e9, avec brutalit\u00e9, les cons\u00e9quences potentielles.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align:justify\">&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le 7 octobre et les failles d\u2019un \u00e9quilibre illusoire David Bensoussan L\u2019auteur est professeur de sciences \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec &nbsp; Le 7 octobre 2023 restera comme un moment de rupture profonde dans l\u2019histoire contemporaine d\u2019Isra\u00ebl et du Moyen-Orient. L\u2019attaque meurtri\u00e8re du Hamas n\u2019a pas seulement fauch\u00e9 des vies : elle a raviv\u00e9, au sein&hellip;&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":71434,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-71433","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Le 7 octobre et les failles d\u2019un \u00e9quilibre illusoire - David Bensoussan | HARISSA.COM<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le 7 octobre et les failles d\u2019un \u00e9quilibre illusoire David Bensoussan L\u2019auteur est professeur de sciences \u00e0 l\u2019Universit\u00e9 du Qu\u00e9bec &nbsp; 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