{"id":9847,"date":"2016-02-22T01:41:46","date_gmt":"2016-02-22T01:41:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/?p=9847"},"modified":"2016-02-22T00:44:18","modified_gmt":"2016-02-22T00:44:18","slug":"personne-ne-parle-des-refugies-juifs-des-pays-arabes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/personne-ne-parle-des-refugies-juifs-des-pays-arabes\/","title":{"rendered":"Personne ne Parle des R\u00e9fugi\u00e9s Juifs des Pays arabes"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\n\tPersonne ne Parle des R&eacute;fugi&eacute;s Juifs des Pays arabes<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tPar Ben Dror Yemini, journaliste, &eacute;crivain<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>\n\tPersonne ne Parle des R&eacute;fugi&eacute;s Juifs des Pays arabes<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tPar Ben Dror Yemini, journaliste, &eacute;crivain<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tVoil&agrave; ce que disait le fondateur de la Confr&eacute;rie des Fr&egrave;res Musulmans (1), Hassan el Banna, un mois et demi apr&egrave;s la d&eacute;claration d&#39;ind&eacute;pendance de l&#39;Etat juif, l&#39;arm&eacute;e &eacute;gyptienne &ndash; avec 5 autres arm&eacute;es arabes &ndash; ayant d&eacute;j&agrave; envahi le territoire retrouv&eacute; par l&#39;Etat juif: &quot;Si l&#39;Etat juif est devenu un fait et si les peuples arabes en prennent conscience, ils jetteront &agrave; la mer les Juifs qui vivent parmi eux&quot;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tDe son c&ocirc;t&eacute;, Haj Amin al Husseini (2) expliquait dans ses m&eacute;moires: &quot;Une des conditions fondamentales pour que nous coop&eacute;rions avec l&#39;Allemagne, c&#39;est de nous donner carte blanche pour &eacute;liminer chaque dernier Juif, de Palestine et du monde arabe&quot; (3)<\/p>\n<p>\n\tDe m&ecirc;me la Ligue arabe avait adopt&eacute; &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;poque deux d&eacute;cisions qui se sont mat&eacute;rialis&eacute;es par un d&eacute;cret saisissant les comptes bancaires de tous les Juifs et les d&eacute;pouillant de tous leurs avoirs, d&eacute;cret qui a &eacute;t&eacute; appliqu&eacute; dans tous les pays arabes, Egypte, Libye, Syrie, Irak, pays o&ugrave; toutes les communaut&eacute;s juives ont &eacute;t&eacute; ainsi d&eacute;truites (4).<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tPendant des d&eacute;cennies, les &quot;nouveaux Palestiniens&quot; ont nourri la saga de la &quot;naqba&quot; ou la &quot;catastrophe&quot;, qui est devenue le leitmotiv de rassemblement de cette nouvelle identit&eacute; arabe (5).&nbsp;De son c&ocirc;t&eacute;, Isra&euml;l a choisi de minimiser les pers&eacute;cutions, les expulsions et les d&eacute;pouillements d&#39;avoirs des Juifs des pays arabes. (6)<\/p>\n<p>\n\tC&#39;est seulement cette ann&eacute;e que la Knesset a d&eacute;cid&eacute; de consacrer une journ&eacute;e &agrave; la m&eacute;moire de cette &quot;catastrophe juive&quot;, autrement plus violente et plus co&ucirc;teuse.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAinsi&nbsp;le 30 novembre 2014est le 1er&nbsp;jour o&ugrave; on comm&eacute;more pour la 1&egrave;re&nbsp;fois la &quot;naqba&quot; juive. On explique aujourd&#39;hui aux &eacute;coliers ce qui est arriv&eacute; aussi bien aux Juifs de Tripoli, de Bagdad qu&#39;aux Juifs de Deir Yassine ou de H&eacute;bron. Car personne encore n&#39;est au courant des pogroms subis par les Juifs du Maroc &agrave; Settat (50 morts) ou de Casablanca (30 morts), par exemple. Qui est au courant du pogrom d&#39;Aden en 1948 (82 assassinats) et des centaines de morts et de bless&eacute;s et de milliers de traumatis&eacute;s en Egypte, en Syrie, en Irak, en Libye&hellip;, parce qu&#39;ils &eacute;taient simplement Juifs ?<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tCe qu&#39;on raconte dans les universit&eacute;s et les journaux, c&#39;est toujours la m&ecirc;me histoire, celle des &quot;r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s Palestiniens&quot;, narration qui s&#39;est enfl&eacute;e au cours du temps de mensonges, calomnies et d&eacute;magogie. Il ne faut certes pas minimiser la souffrance de ces r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s arabes. Mais il y a l&#39;autre souffrance, autrement plus s&eacute;rieuse, celle dont personne ne parle, parce qu&#39;elle n&#39;a jamais &eacute;t&eacute; &eacute;tal&eacute;e au grand jour, ni utilis&eacute;e &agrave; des fins partisanes. La souffrance de 900 000 Juifs paisibles qui n&#39;ont jamais menac&eacute; d&#39;exterminer les Arabes parmi lesquels ils vivaient, comme l&#39;a fait &agrave; leur encontre, Haj Amin al Husseini, en Palestine.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tIl ne faut pas perdre de vue que depuis la 1&egrave;re&nbsp;Guerre mondiale 1914\/18 et l&#39;effondrement de l&#39;empire ottoman, plusieurs centaines de millions de personnes ont &eacute;t&eacute; d&eacute;plac&eacute;es, Allemands, Hongrois, Polonais, Ukrainiens, Turcs, Grecs, Bulgares, Roumains, Indiens, Pakistanais &hellip;. On ne peut citer un seul conflit &ndash; parmi des dizaines &#8212; depuis ces dates, o&ugrave; il n&#39;y a pas eu un &eacute;change de populations, forc&eacute; ou non&hellip;.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLe conflit Arabo-Isra&eacute;lien n&#39;est pas en reste, et ce n&#39;est pas Isra&euml;l qui a d&eacute;clench&eacute; la guerre en 1948. Si les arm&eacute;es arabes n&#39;avaient pas envahi le nouvel &eacute;tat renaissant, si elles n&#39;avaient pas enjoint aux Arabes de Palestine de quitter les lieux, le temps &quot;d&#39;exterminer les Juifs&quot;, ces Arabes ne seraient pas devenus des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s. Rappelons la d&eacute;claration du chef de la Ligue arabe : &quot;&nbsp;Ce sera une guerre d&#39;extermination et un massacre d&#39;une grande ampleur dont on parlera comme on parle du massacre des Tatars ou celui des Crois&eacute;s&nbsp;!&quot;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tMais le r&eacute;sultat a &eacute;t&eacute; la d&eacute;faite des arm&eacute;es arabes, et, de ce fait, ceux qui ont pay&eacute; le prix de cette d&eacute;faite ce sont les Juifs des pays arabes. Expuls&eacute;s ou pas, ils ont d&ucirc; quitter les lieux, laissant tous leurs avoirs. On a essay&eacute; d&#39;estimer seulement les pertes mat&eacute;rielles. Selon l&#39;&eacute;conomiste Sidney Zabludoff, les biens abandonn&eacute;s par les Arabes de Palestine sont estim&eacute;s &agrave; 3,9 milliards $, compar&eacute;s aux 6 milliards $ des biens des Juifs des pays arabes (estimations minimales de 2007).<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tCe qui est s&ucirc;r, c&#39;est que la plupart des millions de r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s du monde cit&eacute;s ci-dessus qui ont subi cette sinistre exp&eacute;rience &quot;d&#39;&eacute;change de population&quot; n&#39;ont pas &eacute;t&eacute; indemnis&eacute;s d&#39;un seul centime, ni b&eacute;n&eacute;fici&eacute; d&#39;un quelconque &quot;droit de retour&nbsp;&quot;. R&eacute;cemment encore, la Cour europ&eacute;enne des Droits de l&#39;Homme a rejet&eacute; une demande de restitution de propri&eacute;t&eacute; r&eacute;clam&eacute;e par un r&eacute;fugi&eacute; grec de Chypre&hellip;.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tCe dimanche, une c&eacute;r&eacute;monie marquera la &quot;Catastrophe juive&quot; d&#39;une pierre, &agrave; la r&eacute;sidence du pr&eacute;sident de l&#39;Etat &agrave; J&eacute;rusalem.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tSimplement pour ne pas oublier que 900 000 Juifs ont &eacute;t&eacute; oblig&eacute;s de quitter leur pays arabe de naissance, la plupart expuls&eacute;s et sans le sou.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tNotes de la Traduction<\/p>\n<p>\n\t(1) La Confr&eacute;rie est responsable en Egypte de divers pogroms dans les quartiers juifs du Caire en 1946\/47. La peur s&#39;est tellement install&eacute;e dans le c&oelig;ur du Juif &eacute;gyptien, &#8212; vivant depuis des si&egrave;cles dans ce pays pour un grand nombre&ndash; au point qu&#39;on ne pouvait circuler dans la rue sans constamment s&#39;assurer qu&#39;il n&#39;y avait personne derri&egrave;re soi, pr&ecirc;t &agrave; vous agresser et vous tuer.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t(2) Promoteur avec Hitler d&#39;une solution finale pour les Juifs d&#39;Orient, solution qui a avort&eacute; gr&acirc;ce &agrave; l&#39;intervention anglaise battant les forces de Rommel &agrave; El Alamein en 1942 et mettant fin &agrave; un gouvernement pro-allemand &agrave; Bagdad.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t(3) Le fait de distinguer la Palestine du monde arabe, pour Al Husseini, la Palestine n&#39;&eacute;tait pas arabe. En fait &agrave; l&#39;&eacute;poque, avant 1948 et la naissance de l&#39;&eacute;tat d&#39;Isra&euml;l, tout ce qui &eacute;tait palestinien (drapeau, arm&eacute;e, police, journal, cin&eacute;ma, document&hellip;) &eacute;tait &eacute;quivalent &agrave; juif.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t(4) On compte 900 000 Juifs qui ont quitt&eacute; les pays arabes, pour la plupart d&eacute;pouill&eacute;s et chass&eacute;s. 650 000 d&#39;entre eux se sont r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s en Isra&euml;l entre 1948 et 1967. Les 250 000 autres r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s ont &eacute;t&eacute; recueillis par divers pays dans le monde.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t(5) Identit&eacute; form&eacute;e &agrave; partir de camps de r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s ouverts par l&#39;Onu et, fait unique dans l&#39;univers des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s, camps qui durent encore depuis plus de 4 g&eacute;n&eacute;rations sans qu&#39;aucun pays arabe ne fasse l&#39;effort de les int&eacute;grer, bien que ces r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s soient souvent des Arabes originaires des m&ecirc;mes pays o&ugrave; se trouvent les camps qui ont &eacute;t&eacute; construits. Arafat, r&eacute;fugi&eacute; dit &quot;palestinien&quot;, &eacute;tait un Egyptien, n&eacute; en Egypte&hellip;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t(6) A tort, ce qui explique la m&eacute;connaissance par le grand public des souffrances et des pr&eacute;judices&nbsp; &ndash; autrement sup&eacute;rieurs &agrave; ceux des r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s arabes &ndash; subis par les 900 000 r&eacute;fugi&eacute;s juifs des pays arabes.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tWhat about the Jewish Nakba?<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tBy Ben Dror Yemini, journaliste, &eacute;crivain<\/p>\n<p>\n\tYnetnews28\/11\/14<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4597344,00.html\">http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4597344,00.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&quot;If the Jewish state becomes a fact, and this is realized by the Arab peoples, they will drive the Jews who live in their midst into the sea.&quot; This statement was made by Hassan al-Banna, the founder of the Muslim Brotherhood, about a month and a half after the declaration of the independence, and with the Egyptian Army already having invaded the territory allotted to the Jewish state.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe Mufti, Haj Amin al-Husseini, explained in his memoirs: &quot;Our fundamental condition for cooperating with Germany was a free hand to eradicate every last Jew from Palestine and the Arab world.&quot;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAnd the Arab League at the time also adopted two decisions, which materialized into a bill designed to seize the bank accounts of Jews and strip them of their possessions &ndash; a bill that was subsequently put into practice among well-established and wealthy Jewish communities in places such as Egypt, Libya, Syria and Iraq. Entire communities were destroyed.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tFor decades, the Palestinians have nurtured the ethos of the Nakba. It has become the defining experience of Palestinian identity. Israel, on the other hand, chose to downplay the persecutions, expulsion and dispossession of the Jews of the Arab states.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe Knesset decided only this year to set aside a special day, November 30, to mark the Jewish Nakba. Most school children in Israel know about what was done to the Jews of Kishinev and also about what was done to the Jews in Deir Yassin.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tBut most Israeli students don&#39;t know about Jewish Nakba. They don&#39;t know about a long series of pogroms and massacres perpetrated against Jews in most Arab countries. The Kishinev pogroms in 1906 claimed the lives of 29 Jews. A year later, in pogroms in Morocco, 50 Jews were murdered in the city of Settat, and another 30 were killed in Casablanca.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tHow many high school students know about them? And how many know about the pogrom in Aden in 1948 in which 82 Jews were murdered? And how many know about the hundreds more who were killed during that period in Iraq, Egypt, Syria and Libya only because they were Jews?<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe &quot;narratives&quot; have taken control of the university campuses and school system. On their behalf, Israeli students are told &quot;the other side&#39;s version of the story.&quot; Not that one should belittle the pain of the Palestinians. God forbid. The thing is that there is nothing unique about the Palestinian story in particular. People fled. Some were deported too. But where were things any different?<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAnd yet, the Jewish Nakba vanished into thin air, despite the fact that it was far more severe. After all, the Jews of the Arab states didn&#39;t declare war on the Arab countries; they didn&#39;t have a leader like the Mufti who was planning and plotting to eradicate all the Arabs &ndash; every last one. On the contrary, they were peaceful citizens wherever they were.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tLet&#39;s set the record straight. The disintegration of the empires, beginning with the Ottoman, through to the Austro-Hungarian, and on to the British, intensified the demand on the part of various peoples for self-determination &ndash; no more multi-ethnic states under imperial rule, but nations with a sense of independent identity instead. Some would call it an imaginary heritage, but that&#39;s not important.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe result was huge waves of population transfers, beginning in 1912 and through to the years following World War II. Around 52 million people underwent the experience, including tens of millions in the period after the war.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tMillions of Germans, Hungarians, Poles, Ukrainians, Turks, Greeks, Bulgarians, Romanians, Indians, Pakistanis and more and more were forced to leave their birthplaces to make way for national entities, old and new. One would be hard pressed to find a single conflict during the period in question that did not end without a population exchange.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAnd the same happened in the Jewish-Arab conflict too. When the Peel Commission decided in 1937 on a population exchange, one of the reasons it offered to support its decision was the fact that the Iraqis had carried out against the Assyrian minority, despite earlier assurances to safeguard their rights.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe population exchanges between Greece and Turkey also served as a backdrop for the commission&#39;s decision. At the time, this was the position held by statesmen, scholars and intellectuals. Furthermore, in 1930, the Permanent Court of International Justice, the highest international judicial instance at the time, approved population transfers by force when it ruled that the purpose of mass population transfers was to &quot;more effectively aid the process of pacification of the Near East.&quot;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThat&#39;s the background. The Arabs of Palestine paid a price for two reasons &ndash; firstly, because of the recalcitrant and reckless actions of their leaders; and secondly, as mentioned, because that&#39;s the way things worked during that period.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tIt wouldn&#39;t have happened without the big Arab invasion, which was accompanied by declarations of destruction from Arab leaders, like the Arab League secretary-general at the time, who declared: &quot;This will be a war of extermination and momentous massacre which will be spoken of like the Tartar massacre or the Crusader wars.&quot;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe war against the fledgling Jewish state ended in resounding defeat. But among those who paid the price were the hundreds of thousands of Jews in the Arab countries. Take note, not all were expelled; but those who weren&#39;t knew, too, that their time was up. There&#39;ve been attempts here and there to gauge the value of the Jewish property left behind in Arab states.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tAccording to estimates offered by economist Sidney Zabludoff, assets abandoned by Arab refugees amount to $3.9 billion, as opposed to the $6 billion in assets abandoned by Jewish refugees (in 2007 terms). There are other assessments too.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tWhat is clear is the fact that those tens of millions who underwent the experience of population exchanges didn&#39;t receive a single penny, and certainly not the &quot;right of return.&quot; Just a few years ago, the European Court of Human Rights rejected a property restitution claim filed by Greek refugees from Cyprus.<\/p>\n<p>\n\tThe Jews of European received compensation because their story is a different one. They were dispossessed through no fault of their own, and not in the framework of population exchanges. Not only that, they are believed to have received just 20 percent of the value of the assets they once possessed. When viewed in the light of the real situation, and not &quot;narratives,&quot; the right of the Jews to compensation is far greater than that of the Arabs.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tA ceremony to mark the Jewish Nakba will take place on Sunday at the President&#39;s Residence, following the recent enactment of a law designating November 30 as a day to mark the departure and expulsion of Jews from the Arab states and Iran. And the ceremony, in essence, is an expression of our need to recognize the broad picture. We need to know there were huge population exchanges.<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\tWe need to know these huge population exchanges also saw hundreds of thousands of Jews expelled and dispossessed. We need to know that overplaying the Palestinian Nakba &ndash; like in the form of the<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4459235,00.html\" target=\"_blank\">Millions of Indians are not going to go back to Pakistan. Millions of Germans are not going to go back to parts of Poland that were once Germany. Millions of Poles and Ukrainians won&#39;t return to Ukraine or Poland. Millions of Palestinians aren&#39;t coming back to Israel, and millions of Jews are not going to return to Arab states.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4459235,00.html\" target=\"_blank\">Today, ignoring the broad picture is detrimental to peace. The ceremony that will take place on Sunday at the President&#39;s Residence won&#39;t change the misguided perceptions, not of the Palestinians and not of parts of the Israeli left.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4459235,00.html\" target=\"_blank\">This can only be achieved through massive investment in the school system &ndash; not to teach the Zionist or Palestinian narrative, but to teach instead the truth. Perhapswe&#39;ve forgotten, but there is such a thing.<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n\t<a href=\"http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4597344,00.html\">http:\/\/www.ynetnews.com\/articles\/0,7340,L-4597344,00.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p>\n\tAdapt&eacute; par Albert Soued, &nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/soued.chez.com\/\">http:\/\/soued.chez.com\/<\/a>&nbsp;pour&nbsp;<a href=\"http:\/\/www.nuitdorient.com\/\">www.nuitdorient.com<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Personne ne Parle des R&eacute;fugi&eacute;s Juifs des Pays arabes &nbsp; Par Ben Dror Yemini, journaliste, &eacute;crivain &nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":19393,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"neve_meta_sidebar":"","neve_meta_container":"","neve_meta_enable_content_width":"","neve_meta_content_width":0,"neve_meta_title_alignment":"","neve_meta_author_avatar":"","neve_post_elements_order":"","neve_meta_disable_header":"","neve_meta_disable_footer":"","neve_meta_disable_title":"","_themeisle_gutenberg_block_has_review":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[79,107,220,18,12,61,156,307,94,1,468],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-9847","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bagdad","category-casablanca","category-contact-details","category-histoire","category-israel","category-knesset","category-person-career","category-social-issues","category-tripoli","category-uncategorized","category-war"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9847","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9847"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/9847\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/19393"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9847"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=9847"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/harissa.com\/news-wp\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=9847"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}